Background: Obesity increases the risk of several chronic conditions including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, back pain and some cancers. The present study was conducted to study the prevalence of obesity and overweight in adolescent population. Methods: A total of 1258 students (males-644; females-614) with an age group 10-19 years were selected from the higher secondary schools and junior colleges in the urban area of Tirupati. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity is found to be significantly higher in adolescents of private institutions than those from government institutions. Higher prevalence of overweight/obesity is found in school going adolescents 13.8% compared to college adolescents 6.7%. The variables like type of institution, residence, family history of obesity showed a significant positive association with overweight/obesity. Conclusions: The present study recommended that the private institutions should encourage healthy life style practices among students to prevent the risk of overweight/obesity from emergence.

Background: Default rate is the most essential feature of the DOTS strategy itself and also especially relevant in view of increased prevalence of drug resistance tuberculosis.  The aim of the present study was conducted to give awareness on default rate in management of tuberculosis.Methods: A total of 229 patients with smear positive tuberculosis cases of both category-I and category-II from DOTS centre in tuberculosis, S.V.R.R. Government General Hospital, Tirupati, A.P, India were enrolled and registered for the present study. Consent was taken from the patients to give awareness on default rate role in management of Tuberculosis in Chittoor district population.Results: Higher default rate is found among those employed 12.4% compared to those unemployed 4.3% and the difference is also found to be statistically significant. The defaulter rate has been found to be higher in those with 3 + sputum grading 12.4% followed by 1 + grading 7.9%.Conclusions: Default rate in the present study is high which points out that even with DOTS therapy, there can be significant default rate. So it is recommended that DOTS providers are periodically supervised and explained on the need to ensure full compliance and minimize the rate.

Background: The rate of malnutrition in India remains high, increase in overweight and obesity have been observed in some areas undergoing rapid economic and epidemiologic transition. The aim was conducted to study association between obesity and overweight in adolescent population.Methods: A total of 1258 students (males-644; females-614) with an age group 10-19 years were selected from the higher secondary schools and junior colleges in the urban area of Tirupati.Results: The family history of obesity was reported by 54.7% of adolescents. The prevalence of overweight & obesity among males was found to be slightly higher in male adolescents 14.6% than in female adolescents 13.5%. Prevalence of overweight and obesity combined decreased with increase in the degree of physical activity from 12.7% in mild category to 10.0% in vigorous category and the differences are also found to be statistically significant in the present study.Conclusions: The present study recommended that the health education destined to inculcate healthy life style practices should be provided at an early age group to reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity in adolescent population.