Background:Family education programme (FEP) for families of persons with schizophrenia is practised in several centres as a part of patient-and family-related services.Aim:This paper describes two models of FEP conducted at the Schizophrenia Research Foundation (SCARF), Chennai.Methods:The first programme was a part of a research study and was structured utilizing standard evaluation instruments. The second was flexible and tailored to the needs of the family members.Results:After the first programme, the psychopathology of patients and the burden of caregiving on primary caregivers did not show any significant difference but there was a significant gain in caregivers' knowledge with information and experience sharing. Most families seemed to prefer the second programme, which recorded better attendance and participation.Conclusion:Informal educational sessions with periodic ‘across-the-table’ re-inforcers may be more effective and practical in the Indian setting.

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The objective is to study the effectiveness of hemostatic therapy with tranexamic acid in pregnant women with miscarriage that started. Tranexamic acid works by slowing the breakdown of blood clots, which helps to prevent prolonged bleeding. It belongs to a class of drugs known as antibrinolytics. Tranexamic acid is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine and binds the 5 lysine binding sites on plasminogen. This inhibits plasmin formation and displaces plasminogen from the brin surface. It may also directly inhibit plasmin and partially inhibit brinogenolysis at higher concentrations. The investigators hypothesize that tranexamic acid as an adjunct to misoprostol will be more effective than misoprostol alone in stopping postpartum bleeding without recourse to further treatment in signicantly more women. The use of tranexamic acid, as hemostatic therapy in pregnant women with a miscarriage, signicantly reduces the duration of bleeding, promotes the accelerating the organization and resorption of intrauterine hematomas, reduces the duration of inpatient treatment. The rst trimester is associated with the highest risk for miscarriage. Most miscarriages occur in the rst trimester before the 12th week of pregnancy. A miscarriage in the second trimester (between 13 and 19 weeks) happens in 1% to 5% of pregnancies. Tranexamic acid appeared safe and effective for the prevention and management of bleeding during pregnancy.