The new information physical method of constructing the space of economic states is proposed. Unlike the existing theories of consumption, its properties are completely determined axiomatically by the operation of measurement and do not require phenomenological assumptions. The authors consider a transaction of exchange of valuables between two proprietors as such operation. The result of measurement is a dimensional number equal to the proportion of exchange. The constructed space appears to be Euclidean vector space with ordinary operators of composition of vectors, their scalar product, etc. The task of determining the parameters of equilibrium of a complex economic system can be formulated as a task of statics in the constructed space and can be solved by one of the physical methods.

This paper presents a discussion of the processing and characterization of alloy Co 87 Nb 46 B 15 produced by rapid solidification, in which characterization techniques such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and spectroscopy Dispersion Energy (SEM / EDS) and magnetic properties were used, with the study of hysteresis curve. Several researches have been making on nanocrystalline materials, especially cobalt-base alloys, because of their thermodynamic stability, characterization and processing. Amorphous alloys have a structure of ultrafine, homogeneous grains with small crystal clusters in amorphous phase.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a microestrutura da fase icosaedral (f-fase quasicristalina) do sistema com composição estequiométrica do quasicristal Al67Cu26Fe15. A liga ternária com composição nominal de Al67Cu26Fe15 foi processada por Moagem Mecânica de Alta Energia, como um método viável de processamento no estado sólido para a produção de várias fases quasicristalinas metaestáveis e estáveis. A caracterização estrutural das amostras obtidas foi realizada por difração de raios-X (DRX) e Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), enquanto a composição elementar dos elementos químicos Al, Fe e Cu foram determinados pela técnica de Espectroscopia de raios X por energia dispersiva (EDS). Na superfície da liga quasicristalina, podemos observar no SEM a presença da alumina g-Al2O3, que contribui para as propriedades texturais de suporte catalítico deviso a sua atividade catalítica, visando maior desempenho em reações de oxidação do metanol. De acordo com os resultados de XRD, os padrões de difração da liga Al67Cu26Fe15 mostraram a presença das fases w-Al7Cu2Fe, b-Al(Fe;Cu) e l-Al13Fe4 coexistem com a f-fase quasicristalina em regime termodinâmico. Finalmente, a análise elementar indica que durante a síntese da liga existe pequena variação da composição ideal. Os resultados indicam que ligas com alto percentual de fase icosaedral podem ser obtidas por fundição ao ar.

The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate, develop and test the author's program of professionally applied physical training of students of technical specialties in order to increase the efficiency of the process of physical training of specialists in accordance with modern production requirements. Based on the purpose of the study, the following tasks have been formulated: to identify the professionally applied features of physical training of specialists in the field of agricultural engineering, to develop a method of professionally applied physical training for junior specialists and to experimentally test the effectiveness of its use in the process of physical education of students. The following research methods were used to accomplish these tasks: methods of theoretical analysis and generalization of data of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observations, physical fitness test, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Participants.The study involved the students of specialty 208 Agroengineering of the Kropyvnytskyi College of Mechanization of Agriculture, from which experimental (n=23) and control (n=21) groups of young people of 16-17 years old, belonging to the main health group, were formed. The main results of the study were: determination of professionally important physical qualities of agricultural engineers, experimental verification of the effectiveness of the author's program of complex development of professionally important physical qualities in future specialists of technical profile; a significant increase in the results of testing on the special fitness of the boys of the experimental group. Conclusions: the conducted research showed that the experimental program of special physical training of students of specialty agricultural engineering, the content of educational material of which corresponds to the peculiarities of future professional activity, provides the development of physical professionally important qualities and allows to make the choice of adequate forms, methods, tools aimed at achieving full professional potential of future specialists.

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