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<span lang="EN-US">One of the essential physics skills for students in today's era is critical thinking skills. This study offered physics learning tools with a scientific approach to improve critical thinking skills. The purpose of this research was to produce learning documents in the form of lesson plans, teaching materials, and Lorentz force physics test instruments with a scientific approach in improving students' critical thinking skills. This was research and development with a 4D model and steps, including the defining stage, namely the initial stage, to identify the problem. Then, the designing stage was carried out by developing the initial draft of learning tools and research instruments. Afterwards, the developing stage was the initial draft of the improvement stage based on the validation of experts, practitioners, limited trial, and piloted. The data collection instruments in this study consisted of validation sheets, test instruments to measure the implementation of teaching materials, observation sheets to observe teacher and student activities, tests to measure critical thinking skills, and questionnaire responses. The results proved that learning tools developed with a scientific approach improve students' critical thinking skills. Thus, scientific-based physics learning tools is recommended to be used as teaching materials for physics students to improve students' critical thinking skills. </span>

Local wisdom is ideas, thoughts, values, and views that are wise, valuable, inherent, and adhered to by the local community. It is typical of an area regarding cultural, economic, communication, and ecological aspects, as well as the attitudes that are created naturally and come from customs or ancestral teachings. Implementation of local wisdom in learning is important for teachers today, such as traditional games. The implementation of traditional games in learning is expected to reduce the widespread use of gadgets and their negative impacts such as forming an individualistic and opportunistic habit pattern in children. One of the popular traditional games in Maluku is bambu gila. This study aims to identify science-physics concepts in the traditional game of bambu gila, map the concepts identified at each junior and senior high school level and identify how to implement them in learning. The research was conducted using a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation and interviews related to the traditional game of bambu gila with bambu gila handlers and documents study related to physics concepts. The results showed that the science-physics concepts identified in the bambu gila included the concepts of displacement, force, work, and energy. These concepts can be taught at junior and senior high school levels using the Kurikulum 2013 and the independent curriculum. These concepts can be taught by defining the concepts to be taught, clarifying concepts according to the steps of bambu gila, and developing learning tools (lesson plan, worksheet, teaching materials, and assessments) that are combined with the traditional game of bambu gila.

21st-century learning should include STEM to grow interested in the Indonesian nation to love and master science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. They are included in it for physics learning. STEM is a practical learning approach because it combines knowledge, mathematics, technology, and techniques. This aim to make students as problem-solvers, inventors, have innovation, independent logical thinking, technological literacy, connect their culture and history with education, and apply their knowledge in real life. Thus, it is necessary to implement STEM-based learning integrated lokal wisdom /culture of the community in which the learners are located. One of the lokal wisdom of coastal communities in Maluku is Timba Laor. This research aims to develop a High School Physics Learning Tool business concept, and STEM-based Energy integrated lokal wisdom Timba Laor in the village of Allang Central Maluku district, a valid, practical, and effective Plomp model. The stages of mining carried out in this research activity are the development of high school physics learning tools business concept and STEM-based Energy integrated lokal wisdom Timba Laor in the village of Allang Central Maluku District. Test models by providing surveys of physics teachers to empirically validate the learning devices that have been compiled, analyzed, and revised. The resulting product is a learning device physics high school concept business, and energy-based STEM integrated lokal wisdom. Keywords : Business and Energy, Learning Tools, STEM, Timba Laor

The implementation of cultural values or traditions of local people in learning is something that is important to be done by teachers today. The use of teaching materials based on Local Wisdom is expected to preserve the positive values of the nation's culture in learning and produce maximum learning outcomes. This study aims to develop a valid, practical, and effective local high school physics teaching model for high school physics teaching and its implications for island-based physics learning in Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency using the Plomp model. The research activities were carried out through the stages of development, namely 1) the development of a model of teaching materials for high school physics based on local wisdom in Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency, and 2) The validity of small-scale empirical validity (small groups) of the developed model. The results obtained are teaching materials in the form of LKPD Physics High School Momentum and Impulse concepts based on local wisdom “permainan kanikir”.