The aging population presents numerous challenges and the design and management of living environments are not an exception. This literature review and analysis brings together topics related to the living environment of the aging population and the concept of sustainability. The article presents the review of the existing design concepts that are applied to planning the environment for the elderly, including (i) design for all, (ii) universal design, and (iii) inclusive design. Furthermore, this review highlights the aspects of sustainability and the peculiarities of the aging population that should be taken into account in the design and management of their living environment. Key points related to sustainable aging are highlighted, and the possibility of complementing the existing design concepts with the concept of biophilic design is proposed in order to strengthen their social, psychological, and ecological aspects.
Residential buildings in Latvia are one of the essential heat consumers during the heating season. The majority of Latvian as well as European residential buildings were constructed within the period from 1965 to 1990. Introduction presents brief overview of current situation in Latvian and EU countries. This chapter provides overview of real energy consumption and definition of buildings technical conditions. Materials and methods are based on evaluation of standardized energy consumption in two kindergartens and multi apartment buildings including also dynamic energy simulation. Chapter on thermal performance of building envelope provides an extensive comparison of heat transfer coefficients in non-renovated buildings as well as comparison with normative values. Section on energy consumption of existing multi apartment buildings presents review of buildings real energy consumption before and after renovation. In addition this chapter evaluated indoor air quality. This study was done in order to define necessary reconstruction goals to reach European Regional Development Fund project "A New Concept for Sustainable and Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings" Nr. 1.1.1.1/16/A/007 main targets. Аннотация. Жилые здания в Латвии являются одним из основных потребителей тепла в отопительный сезон. Большинство латвийских и европейских жилых зданий были построены в период с 1965 по 1990 год. Введение представляет краткий обзор текущей ситуации в Латвии и странах ЕС. В этой главе представлен обзор реального потребления энергии и определение технических условий для зданий. Материалы и методы основаны на оценке стандартизированного потребления энергии в двух детских садах и многоквартирных домах, включая также динамическое моделирование энергии. В главе, касающейся тепловых характеристик ограждающих конструкций зданий, дано подробное сравнение коэффициентов теплоотдачи в не отреставрированных зданиях и сравнение их с нормативными значениями. В разделе об энергопотреблении существующих многоквартирных домов представлен обзор реального потребления энергии зданиями до и после модернизации. Кроме того, в этой главе дается оценка качества воздуха в помещении.
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