The article deals with the theory and practice of treatment of stray animals in light of the latest changes in the Russian legislation. The research includes issues of terminology as well as the place of the function of treatment of stray animals in the system of municipal administration functions. The authors prove the unreasonableness of the strategy of returning stray animals sterilized in shelters to the habitat, argue in favor of measures for development of legal liability for violation of the legislation on treatment of stray animals, measures for registration (record) of such animals, the importance of transition to standards of circular economy in the field of waste management, measures for development of culture and education. It is proved that only a set of economic, legal and other measures can lead to success. Decrease in the number of stray animals will lead to the improvement of the sanitary situation in cities, lower the risk of bites and diseases transmitted with their help, and reduce the number of offenses related to cruelty to animals, car accidents involving stray animals, as well as cases of moral stress for children who daily observe suffering of stray cats and dogs.

Within the framework of analysis of the current Russian legislature, scientific doctrine, and judicial practice regarding the withdrawal of land plots from owners by redemption, the authors prove that, in addition to public needs (state and municipal), there are public-private needs aimed at the pursuit of interests for certain members of society. Delegation of participation in the withdrawal of private land plots for public-private needs by the authorities and reassignment to certain commercial legal entities partially owned by the state often leads to social tensions because the society perceives many such cases of withdrawal of land plots from civil owners as injustice. At the same time, considering the U.S. experience, the authors state the interstate nature of this problem. This situation requires not only the development of legislation or changes in judicial practice but also a change in the conceptual approach regarding the withdrawal of land plots for public and public-private needs, and an enhancement of the axiological (value-conscious) approach, which should be considered by all branches of government. Keywords ownership right, withdrawal of land plots, private and public needs, guarantees of rights of owners, value-conscious approach to law

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This chapter deals with the main stages of the formation of environmental rights in international law. The authors define the human right to a favorable environment as the possibility for every person, people, and the whole humankind to live with such a state of the Earths biosphere that ensures the maximum level of physical and mental health, as well as means eliminating global threats to the biosphere caused by human activity. It is stated that further development of the system of environmental rights will inevitably affect human rights and the environment, and the rights of environmental refugees. The main authorities of Russian citizens and public associations in the field of environmental protection are studied in terms of Russian legislation. These include right to establish public associations and non-commercial organizations which carry out activities in the area of environmental protection; the right to participate in assemblies, rallies, pickets, processions and demonstrations, referendums and other activities relating to environmental protection that are not contrary to legislation; the right of citizens to require state authorities, local government bodies and other organizations to provide timely, complete and reliable environmental information; the right to propose organization of a public environmental expert review and participate in it; the right to file complaints, applications and proposals concerning nature protection issues and the negative impact of it on state authorities, local government bodies and other organizations and to obtain timely and substantiated responses; the right of citizens to file claims in court for compensation for harm caused to the environment, as well as to their life, health and property, and the right to provide assistance to public authorities in settlement of environmental protection issues. Further, the authors consider environmental duties of citizens and their associations as well as state guarantees of citizens rights (i.e., a set of Russian conditions for the exercise of environmental rights and means of their protection in case of encroachment on them by the state or third parties).