Students need an understanding of mathematical concepts provided by educators who have good skills. Educators must also maximize their teaching time so that it requires learning models such as e-learning and blended learning to meet the loss of teaching time due to other activities that must be done by the teacher besides teaching. This study aims to see the impact of blended learning and e-learning on the ability to understand mathematical concepts of students in the material of two-variable linear equations. The method used in this study is the quasi-experiment with the posttest only control design research. Technical analysis uses one way ANOVA. Based on the results of the study, Blended Learning and E-Learning influence understanding mathematical concepts in the two-variable linear equation material, so that it can be used as a knowledge given to students in understanding mathematical concepts.

Students' comprehension of the theory is often implemented as an effort to improve their achievements. However, other learning processes are rarely carried out by teachers, such as the practice or tools uses as the lesson application. The purpose of this study is to analyze the learning effectiveness by applying the geophysical surveys practice method or the use of environmental geophysics tools. The assessment of students' abilities is based on the interpretation results of environmental geophysical survey data and the presentations and discussions about the results of interpretation. The TGT Cooperative learning model was used with a quasi-experimental method and quantitative design. Data collection was carried out using a series of research instruments in the form of questionnaires. The results of the study were based on comparisons between the experimental class and the control class. The results show that the experimental class has excellent findings. 1) Based on the results of the post-test, the TGT cooperative learning method is very effective in this study, because teamwork can maintain students' enthusiasm and understanding during the learning process. 2) Retrieval of field data makes students better understand the application of geoelectric concepts and determination of rock resistivity.

The purpose of this study is to develop child friendly textbooks of Information, Communication, & Technology (ICT) that are valid, practical and effective in improving the professional competence of students in teacher early childhood education program, Sriwijaya University. This study uses the R&D research model with the type of ADDIE model which consists of five stages, namely analysis, design, develop, implementation, and evaluation. The sample in this study was students in early childhood teacher education program. In the implementation phase, field trials were carried out as a result of the development of child-friendly ICT-based teaching books with a sample of 42 people consisting of 12 samples for the small group test and 30 samples for the large group test. Based on the test results of data analysis, it was found that the "child-friendly ICT" textbook that had been developed was valid, practical and effective. The results obtained prove that childfriendly ICT textbooks contribute to improving the professional competence of students. Child-friendly ICT textbooks not only provide new understanding and knowledge of ICT use in child-friendly learning, but also enhance the skills of prospective teachers in using ICT-based teaching materials.

This study examined a comparison between Native Speakers (NS) of Indonesian and Indonesian language as a foreign language (Bahasa Indonesia untuk Penutur Asing - BIPA) learners in making email requests. In particular, this study analysed the different aspects of pragmatics of variations in structure and politeness in emails. This study involved nine NS of Indonesian who were studying master’s level programs at the University of Melbourne, and eighteen BIPA learners who took the subject Indonesian 4 in Semester 2, 2018 at the University of Melbourne. Participants wrote an email request based on a given scenario, which was requesting leave in the context of a workplace in Indonesia. The data were obtained by providing participants a description of the scenario, which prompted them to write an email request asking permission to take time off work. However, participants had freedom in terms of the style and structure of the email. In general, this study aimed to examine how their pragmatics varies, especially in terms of structure and politeness.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the mathematical problem-solving ability and characters of students who were taught using problem-based learning and ordinary learning based on Islamic perspectives. The instrument used in this study was a test of problem-solving ability and a students’ character questionnaire. This research was a quasi-experimental research with pre-test and post-test control group design. The sample of this research was 84 students from Private Islamic School in Medan, North Sumatera, by using a purposive sampling technique. The data in this research was declared homogenous and normal after being tested using the Levene’s Test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. The hypothesis analyzes used was the Two Way-ANOVA test assisted by SPSS 25. The result showed that there was an improvement in mathematical problem-solving ability and students' characters through problem-based learning based on Islamic perspectives. However, there was no interaction between students' gender and problem-solving ability and character improvement based on Islamic perspectives. The gender factor in problem-based learning was not related to students’ cognitive and affective aspects. Each student with any gender had difference characters, especially related to Islamic perspectives. This research-proven that problem-based learning model had an important role in teaching and learning, and it can be used to improve students' mathematical and character problem-solving ability.