2 La región de Arica y Parinacota fue segregada de la región de Tarapacá, siendo promulgada como tal por la ex Presidenta de la República de Chile, Michelle Bachelet, el 23 de marzo de 2007, mediante la Ley 20.175. ResumenLas investigaciones realizadas en el Norte Grande de Chile han relevado la capacidad de adaptación y reconstrucción de los entramados sociales y culturales andinos en contextos de complejidad urbana. En este escenario, a partir de una etnografía de las performances del Carnaval Andino "Inti Ch'amampi, Con la Fuerza del Sol" realizado en Arica, observamos que estas prácticas expresivas reelaboran los sentidos étnicos asociados a la fiesta, constituyendo estrategias de comunicación o autorrepresentación que sitúan la diferencia étnica respecto a interlocutores nacionales en un espacio social y simbólico transfronterizo.Palabras claves: carnaval -performance -aymara -AricaAndes Centro-Sur. Abstract Research in northChile has revealed the capacity of Andean social networks for adaptation and reconstruction in contexts of urban complexity. In this context, based on an ethnography of Andean Carnival performances of the "Inti Ch'amampi, Con la Fuerza del Sol" in Arica, we saw how these expressive practices re-elaborated ethnic sensibility related to the event, constituting a novel strategy for communication or self-representation that situated the different ethnic groups with respect to national speakers in a given social space and symbolic border crossing.
La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 evidencia la importancia del trabajo conjunto para el desarrollo de vacunas contra el virus, estas incluyen virus completos, subunidades, vacunas atenuadas, vectores virales y ácidos nucleicos, la mayoría de propuestas están basadas en subunidades proteicas. De los más de 115 candidatos reportados hasta abril, 73 se encuentran en estudios preclínicos, a junio la opción más avanzada se ubica en fase II/II, una en fase II, dos en fase I/II y cuatro en fase I. Los candidatos más avanzados son AZD1222 (AstraZeneca) basada en adenovirus recombinante para la proteína S (fase II/III); PiCoVacc (Sinovac Biotech) basada en virus inactivado (fase I/II); mientras que mRNA-1273 (Moderna) basada en ARNm para la proteína S, INO-4800 (Inovio Pharmaceticals) basada en DNA plasmídico para proteína S, Ad5-nCoV (Cansino Biologicals) basada en adenovirus tipo 5 expresando la proteína S, LV-SMENP-DC basada en células dendríticas con lentivirus para dominios de proteínas virales y aAPC patógeno-específica, basada en células presentadoras de antígenos con lentivirus para dominios de proteínas virales (ambas de Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute, se encuentran en fase I). La finalidad de este trabajo contrarreloj se dirige hacia el único objetivo de lograr un candidato a vacuna que demuestre seguridad y efectividad en el control y prevención del virus sorpresivo que dejó al descubierto que no hay enemigo pequeño o que mientras más pequeño más peligroso, pues el causante de COVID-19 no solo atacó la salud humana sino la economía del planeta y las costumbres y actividades rutinarias que desarrollaba la humanidad.
Brucellosis is an infectious disease of worldwide distribution, which has a great economic impact due to the productive and reproductive losses that it causes, in addition to the serious public health problem. The aim of this study is to estimate the economic losses, through financial analysis, caused by bovine brucellosis in the province of Carchi, over a one-year period. A random sampling was used to determine the prevalence in the study area, where 2976 animals were considered, and the Rose Bengal (RB) test was used as a screening test and the Fluorescence Polarized Assay (FPA) as a confirmatory test, obtaining a prevalence of 8.2% (244/2976). In addition, parameters associated to the losses caused by brucellosis in cattle were determined by literature review. To estimate costs, field information was collected through a survey of a total of 100 randomly selected farmers. The loss estimated due to calves lost as a result of abortions and neonatal death was USD. 79170.00. The loss due to death of 4 cows as a result of metritis was estimated at USD. 5000.00. The cost of examination and treatment of aborted cows was USD. 20100.00. The losses due to reduction in milk production from aborted and non-aborted seropositive cows were estimated at USD. 158114.
Main text The knowledge of natural gas composition is relevant for custody transfer operations. The determination of its composition is often used as the basis for the calculation of the calorific value. This report is a supplementary comparison organized for the Latin American region at SIM for components from methane to n-hexane, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide with a total of ten components. The traveling standards were obtained from an external source and checked for homogeneity and stability by CENAM before and after the measurements by participants and confirming the values under the involvement of two coordinating laboratories (CENAM and KRISS). The level of uncertainties of this comparison were not the traditional lower uncertainties for natural gas by long-established NMIs. Nevertheless, the results from the comparison are a useful official starting point for the SIM region. All results usually agree at levels higher than 0.6 % with the comparison reference value. The combination of the complexity of the samples being obtained from an external provider, the loss of performance of methods and instruments used by CENAM, and the use of traveling standards all contributed to the unexpectedly higher uncertainties of measurement results of this study. It should also be noted that some participating laboratories did not consider normalizing their results and did not apply all appropriate corrections. For the reference value, all normalized amount fractions have been used and uncertainties propagated appropriately. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Este libro de historias contadas a manera de crónica es necesario en contextos académicos como el que vivimos en Soacha, porque permite que la pluralidad existente en cada lugar de enunciación posible en nuestro territorio se lea y conozca a través de los relatos de sus protagonistas. La pandemia llegó para acelerar algunos procesos de transformación, no solo en lo digital, sino también en la empatía que debemos desarrollar como seres humanos. Estos ejercicios de aula logran estimular en los estudiantes la redacción, la construcción literaria de las historias. Considero, entonces, que es una dinámica digna de mantener y que se debe hacer tangible, así como se está logrando con este libro.
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