Abstract:The paper analyzes the development and the prospects of organic farming in the Czech Republic with particular emphasis on organic beef farming. The background information on organic farming in the Czech Republic regarding the structure of land use, legislation and support payments as well as a short description of the market for organic beef is provided. An analysis of the economic performance and of the impact of payments on the economic situation of organic beef farms follows. Grazing livestock farms, mostly cow-calf systems, are the most widespread farm type in the Czech Republic. Five typical farm models were set up with the aim of giving an overview of the diversity of organic beef production systems. The results indicate that organic beef farming is in most cases economically viable. Nevertheless, organic farming payments, as well as other payments, account for a high share of economic success, so that it can be stated that organic grazing livestock farms are highly dependent on support payments.Key word: organic farming, state support, prices, cattle, economic performance Abstrakt: Příspěvek analyzuje rozvoj a perspektivy ekologického zemědělství v České republice s důrazem na ekologický chov skotu. V příspěvku jsou obsaženy základní informace o struktuře půdního fondu v ekologickém zemědělství, legislativě, finanční podpoře včetně stručného popisu trhu s ekologickým hovězím v České republice. Dále je analyzována ekonomická výkonnost a vliv státních podpor na finanční situaci ekologických farem s chovem skotu. Tento typ farmy zaměřený zejména na chov krav bez tržní produkce mléka je nejrozšířenějším typem v podmínkách České republiky. Vzhledem k odlišnostem v systému chovu skotu bylo sestaveno pět typických modelů farem. Výsledky ukazují, že ekologický chov skotu je ve většině případů ekonomicky životaschopný. Avšak velký podíl na úspěšném hopodaření mají jak dotace pro ekologické zemědělství, tak také ostatní dotace a lze konstatovat, že ekologický chov skotu je vysoce závislý na státní finanční podpoře.Klíčová slova: ekologické zemědělství, státní podpora, ceny, skot, ekonomická výkonnostThe article was elaborated in frame of the EU-research project "Further Development of Organic Farming in Europe with Particular Emphasis on the EU Enlargement" QLK5-2002-00917.
To better understand the potential for successful and long-term establishment of environmental policy, the aim of this paper is to explore the network dynamics of a policy field that has become well established in the EU: organic farming. We look at the dynamics of the organic farming policy network in the Czech Republic over a period of ten years by applying a comparative formal network analysis. We focused in particular on the distribution of power between actors and how capacities of policy actors have evolved between 2004 (its year of accession to the EU) and 2014. We conclude that the organic farming policy network in the Czech Republic has been highly dynamic and has changed from one that was decidedly influenced by organic sector organizations to a network centralized around the Ministry of Agriculture. However, the organic farming organization managed to maintain its good reputation for competence in organic farming policy, which creates opportunities for the organization to remain active in the policy debate.
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