A theoretical model, which enables to estimate the critical currents distribution in the winding of HTS cylindrical coils exposed to external magnetic field, was developed. The model takes into account the real angular dependence (anisotropy) of the I,(B) characteristic of Bi(2223)Ag tape. It is shown how the change in the winding geometry within the same overall tape length and the value of applied external magnetic field parallel with the magnet axis influences both, the critical current and the resulting magnetic field generated by the magnet itself. It is predicted that applying a low magnetic field parallel to the HTS magnet axis may result in a relatively high increase in the magnet critical current (up to 30-40 YO) if compared with the magnet critical current achieved without the presence of external magnetic field. An example of optimizing the magnet winding geometry by using the different lengths of the Bi(2223)Ag multifilamentary tape of Vacuumschmelze GmbH production is presented.

PurposeWithin the context of intellectual capital (IC) reporting, social network analysis (SNA) is applied to identify driving factors, which allows it to control the development of intellectual capital. Hence, the aim of the paper is to address an important weakness of established methods for IC management, i.e. their inability to cope with interdependencies between different elements.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes the method of SNA and its ability to identify IC value drivers. Thereby, the relationships between different key success factors and organisational results are represented as a graph and their interactions are analysed by specific SNA indicators with the aim of identifying appropriate IC control factors. The experience with the proposed new method gained within a vocational education and training centre in Austria during the implementation of an intellectual capital report is presented to illustrate the new method.FindingsThe newly introduced approach delivers new kinds of information for management control in an organisation and leads to different selection of indicators than only applying the classical sensitivity model.Practical implicationsThe paper introduces a new management method for practitioners. Compared to traditional methods such as strategy maps, managers are able to consider interdependencies systematic and indirect effects between factors when selecting control measures.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge it is the first time that the SNA technique has been used for selecting management control factors based on identified cause‐effect relationships.

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Modern science has become a highly diversified social system. Its diversity is not only attributable to the multitude of specialized subjects but also to different research styles. Disciplinary and transdisciplinary research coexist side by side. In transdisciplinary science non-scientists participate actively in research projects. Although it has become a very important part of science today, much of the practice in research evaluation is still based on the standards and customs of traditional disciplinary science. Our comparative analysis of three research fields: economics and botany, representing disciplinary science, and sustainability research, representing a more transdisciplinarily oriented field, showed that there are significant differences in publication and dissemination practices. From these facts we derive some conclusions about how research evaluation should be modified in order to be able to assess the results of transdisciplinary research adequately.