HRV analysis revealed a distinct impact of VNS for CIONM on ANS balance. VNS caused parasympathetic predominance that was not countered by increased sympathetic activity.
VNS for CIONM resulted in increased vagal activity assessable via HRVA. The increased parasympathetic tone affected neither hemodynamics nor levels of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α. VNS for CIONM appears safe with the applied settings.
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