No abstract

The proposed chapter aims to provide a more in-depth explanation of the composition of carbohydrates in microalgae biomass, focusing on separation methods, chemistry, molecular characterization, as well as their application in several areas. The purpose of this review chapter is to show that biological products from microalgae have potential in health, food, and industry applications (materials and biofuel production). Steps for extraction and purification will be discussed, as well as the relationship between the type of microalgae and its composition, as a way of optimizing protocol selection and product making, without breaking down the cell to begin with (total carbohydrate extraction present in the cell). An overall overview of the current and prospective trends and methodologies for the use of microalgae carbohydrate will be included as starting points to shed light on some of the possible issues that currently do not allow the development and feasibility of microalgae biorefineries.

No abstract

Os corpos d'água costumam sofrer eutrofização como resultado do excesso de nutrientes, e isso impulsionou a necessidade de desenvolvimento de tecnologias para auxiliar e manter a qualidade da água. Os sistemas Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS) são alternativas para a preservação e monitoramento das condições da água, bem como proporcionar sustentabilidade ambiental e financeira ao longo do tempo. Com base nisso, objetivamos estudar o potencial de desenvolvimento de um biofilme em um sistema piloto de ATS instalado em um lago durante o período de outono/inverno. Para isso, monitoramos alguns parâmetros da água, avaliamos o rendimento de biomassa e identificamos as microalgas no perifíton. As estações selecionadas e as condições ambientais complicaram o desenvolvimento do biofilme. Apesar disso, obtivemos um rendimento de biomassa de 4,67 g m-2 d-1 e sua composição de lipídios foram de 10%, em que os ácidos graxos em maior abundância foram o ácido palmítico e oleico. Através de estudos morfológicos e taxonômicos, quatro gêneros de microalgas foram identificados: Chlorella; Desmodesmus; Pedriastrum e Spirogyra. Acreditamos que analisando em outras estações e variações das condições ambientais poderia levar a um maior desenvolvimento do perifíton e, consequentemente, a melhores tratamentos para massas de água eutrofizadas.

People that consumed treated water from Dourado Lake, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil perceived alterations in its taste and odor. Based on this, we focused our study on the monitoring of 2-MIB and GSM in samples collected from Dourado Lake, using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The monitoring was done by performing exploratory evaluations at several points on the lake during the summers of 2017 and 2018 and in all seasons of 2019, considering points of water in an inlet and an outlet of the lake. At the inlet point, the average concentration of GSM was 7.56 ± 1.94 ng L-1 and that of 2-MIB was 33.09 ± 6.89 ng L-1. However, for the outlet point, the average concentrations of GSM and 2-MIB were 10.62 ± 2.51 ng L-1 and 28.72 ± 10.47 ng L-1, respectively. In all cases, the presence of GSM and 2-MIB was perceptible by the people consuming the water (during all seasons), showing the need for correct management of water resources.