RESUMENEste estudio se enfoca de forma diferente sobre la ciclicidad ya que evalúa el efecto de la grasa en los tiempos y estructuras de la actividad ovárica, que resultan variables estrechamente relacionadas a la eficiencia reproductiva de los hatos típicos de la región austral de región andina ecuatoriana. El uso de grasa "by pass" tiene efectos positivos en la actividad ovárica y presencia de estructuras ováricas de los animales, a pesar de que los animales no sean altamente productores. Este estudio se enfocó en evaluar el efecto de tres niveles de dietas de Grasa "by pass" (GB): GB1% (154-175 gr), GB2% (296-361gr) GB3 % (475-538 gr) y un control (GB0%); en un grupo de 60 vacas lecheras Holstein, clínicamente sanas, de 2 a 5 partos y con condición corporal de 3 a 3.5. Se analizó el tamaño y el número de ovarios como referencia de la actividad ovárica; y la presencia de folículos y cuerpos lúteos como estructuras ováricas. Se realizaron pruebas de significancia para determinar las diferencias de las variables concluyendo que la adición de grasa "by pass" adelanta la presencia de actividad ovárica, e influye en los ciclos estrales. Se confirmó también el efecto positivo de la misma sobre la condición corporal y producción.estructuras ováricas, actividad ovárica, grasa "by pass", hatos típicos. ABSTRACT This study focuses on cyclicity differently since it assesses the effect of fat on the times and structures of ovarian activity, which are variables closely related to the reproductive efficiency of herds typical of the southern region of the Ecuadorian Andean region. The use of "by pass" fat has positive effects on the ovarian activity and presence of ovarian structures of the animals, even though the animals are not highly productive. This study focused on evaluating the effect of three levels of "by pass" (GB) fat diets: GB1% (154-175 gr), GB2% (296-361gr) GB3% (475-538 gr) and a control (GB0%); in a group of 60 Holstein dairy cows, clinically healthy, from 2 to 5 births and with body condition from 3 to 3.5. The size and number of ovaries were analyzed as a reference for ovarian activity; and the presence of follicles and corpora lutea as ovarian structures. Significance tests were performed to determine the differences of the variables, concluding that the addition of "by pass" fat advances the presence of ovarian activity, and influences the estrous cycles. The positive effect of the same on body condition and production was also confirmed.by pass fat, ovarian structures, ovarian activity, typical herds.
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