La innovación constituye para las empresas un papel importante debido a que su correcta aplicación puede contribuir para que éstas sean más competitivas y productivas. La presente investigación ha tenido como objetivo el análisis conceptual de la innovación, los tipos y modelos aplicables con la finalidad de identificar en que coinciden y poder facilitar el emprendimiento con respecto a los procesos de innovación en PYMES. La investigación fue realizada mediante el análisis de diferentes artículos y libros (García & Rodríguez, 2010; Kline, & Rosenberg, 1986; Marquis, 1969; Rothwell, 1994; Rothwell, & Zegveld, 1985) con el objetivo de comprender cómo se da la innovación y todo lo que se necesita para una aplicación eficiente. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan a la necesidad de identificar herramientas que faciliten la implementación de un proceso de innovación, especialmente en las PYMES debido a la carencia de recursos que estas empresas presentan, y que al mismo tiempo ayuden a la mejor comprensión del fenómeno de innovación.
Violence against children (VAC) is a major global issue with long-lasting negative consequences on individuals and societies. The present study presents a review of the literature on drivers of VAC and the core components of evidence-based violence prevention programs. Moreover, it analyzes the existing services and social infrastructure in Colombia to rigorously inform the design of the Apapacho violence prevention parenting program for families with children younger than five targeted toward Colombia. Findings indicate that (1) VAC in Colombia is a multidimensional issue with roots at the individual, family, community, and society levels, (2) evidence-based violence prevention programs share a common set of content and delivery strategies that could inform the components of the Apapacho program, and (3) there is an urgent need for scalable and flexible violence prevention programs for families with young children in Colombia. Considering existing evidence, the Apapacho violence prevention parenting program will be designed using ecological, developmental, and neuroscience-informed perspectives. This article concludes by presenting the initial components of the theory of change and discussing future directions for the design of the Apapacho program and other violence prevention interventions in LMICs.
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