Environmental problems are related to plastic waste that difficult to degrade naturally. Polysaccharides in the form of gelatinized cassava starch and bagasse containing 52.70% cellulose can replace commercial plastic polymers. This research was aimed to determine the effect of variations in bagasse and glycerol on physical, mechanical and biodegradation tests. The study used 2 factors CRD consisting of the addition of bagasse and glycerol. The results showed that the addition of bagasse and glycerol reducing the brightness with a value range of 44.82-76.15 and increased absorption between 2.61-10.64%. The thickness occurred between 0.79-1.11mm. The tensile strength values are 8.30-14.33 MPa, inversely proportional to the elongation value between 11.85-94.22%, but directly proportional to the modulus young value between 0.09-1.24 MPa. The highest biodegradation values were 0% bagasse and 40% glycerol. The three best treatments were found in the combination treatment of bagasse and glycerol 0% 20%, 0% 30%, and 0% 40%.

Tobacco stems are the agricultural waste of tobacco crops that have the potential to be utilized. Use of tobacco stems in general, only in the leave of disposal without handling. Tobacco stems have the opportunity as a source of cellulose because they have a relatively high content of cellulose. The use of proper methods also plays an important role in extracting cellulose on tobacco stems. The research aims to determine the efficiency levels of cellulose extract from tobacco stems (Nicotiana tabaccum L.) with acid extraction methods and alkaline extraction. The research used a complete randomized design with a repeated trial of 2 times. The results showed the alkaline method of producing the best results against the rendemen testing parameters, water content, hemicellulose content, cellulose content, lignin content and FTIR spectroscopy. Yield test, moisture content, hemicellulose content, cellulose content and lignin content was at the best in the alkaline extraction with a concentration of 12% the yield of 43.63%; water content of 7.54%; hemicellulose content 14.33%; cellulose content 46.17%; and 2.83% lignin content. FTIR spectroscopy test shows that all treatments have important and specific function groups on cellulose such as – OH, C-H, and-CH2, so that samples were identified of cellulose.

Bio-pellet merupakan bahan bakar padat berbasis biomassa yang terbuat dari biomassa limbah pertanian. Biomassa berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi energi alternatif karena mempunyai sifat dapat diperbaharui. Keunggulan bio-pellet yaitu dapat meningkatkan nilai kalor yang dihasilkan dari proses pembakaran. Salah satu limbah pertanian yang dapat digunakan untuk membuat bio-pellet adalah limbah kulit kopi. Potensi kulit kopi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bio-pellet di Kabupaten Jember belum diketahui karena merupakan industri baru yang belum banyak dikembangkan di Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan finansial bio-pellet di Kabupaten Jember. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis finansial diantaranya BEP, PBP, NPV, IRR, BC ratio dan analisis sensitivitas. Hasil penelitian analisis finansial menunjukkan BEP produksi 16.045 unit dan BEP penjualan sebesar Rp497.393.063, PBP selama 5 tahun 9 bulan 16 hari, NPV sebesar Rp238.519.901, IRR sebesar 14,1%, dan B/C ratio sebesar 1,032. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, industri bio-pellet kulit kopi layak dijalankan secara finansial di Kabupaten Jember karena telah memenuhi kriteria kelayakan finansial.

Labu kuning LA3 adalah labu unggul hasil penyilangan yang karakteristiknya mudah rusak selama proses penyimpanan. Salah satu alternatif untuk memperpanjang masa simpan adalah mengolahnya sebagai chip atau irisan kering. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi vitamin C dan suhu pengeringan terhadap karakteristik mutu fisik dan kimia chip labu kuning. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan dua faktor yaitu konsentrasi vitamin C (0,4%, 0,5%, dan 0,6%) dan suhu pengeringan (40oC, 50oC, dan 60oC). Chip labu kuning yang dibuat dengan perbedaan konsentrasi vitamin C dan suhu pengeringan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap nilai rendemen, higroskopisitas, kecerahan, kadar air, kadar vitamin C, dan kadar beta karoten. Produk chip labu kuning LA3 terbaik adalah produk yang dibuat dengan dengan konsentrasi vitamin C 0,5% dan pengeringan dengan suhu 40oC. Chip labu kuning yang menghasilkan karakteristik mutu terbaik dari perlakuan yang ada, memiliki karakteristik nilai rendemen sebesar 5,48%; higroskopisitas 12,79 %, kecerahan 94,27, kadar air 11,49 %, kadar vitamin C 2,47 %, dan kadar beta karoten sebesar 13,20 mg/100 g bahan.

Agroindustry is an industry that processes agricultural products from raw materials. Agroindustry increase the added value of agricultural commodities. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) product have high economic value because it has many benefits for health and beauty care as well. One of the industries processing coconut into a VCO product in Jember on an SME (Small Medium Enterprises) scale is located in Sukorejo, Jember Regency. The economic feasibility showed that its VCO industry business had a positive NPV. The BC Ratio value less than 1, which means that cash in flow was bigger than cash out flow, in the present value called Break Even Point (BEP), that is, total cost equals total revenue. IRR value that is generated is greater > 6% loan interest, and the last payback period (PBP), which is produced shows the value (less than) <10 years. In accordance with the specified time period of 5 years and 4 months. From the results of the analysis, it can be said that the VCO industry in Sukorejo, Sumbersari District was feasible to do. Keywords: economic feasibility, virgin coconut oil