The level of occupational illness in production by regions and sectors of the economy of enterprises in Ukraine has been analyzed. It has been established that the number of victims of cases of chronic occupational disease (poisoning) at work over the past five years remains high. Most occupational diseases occurred in the mining and quarrying industries. In 2020, the number of victims of acute occupational disease COVID-19 has increased significantly, especially in the field of healthcare.

The most widespread culture in the structure of fruit plantations in Ukraine is the apple tree. An important factor in the highly efficient production of apples is ensuring proper phytosanitary state of plantations and observing agrotechnological methods of growing, which is possible only with constant and long-term monitoring of the species composition, population dynamics, biological and ecological features of the entomoplex. The aim of the study conducted in 2005-2020 was to determine the ecological structure of the harmful entomocomplex of apple orchards under the conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Field, laboratory and chamber research methods generally accepted in ecology and entomology were used to fulfill the tasks. In the study, 52 species of phytophagous insects from 25 families and 7 orders were identified; 5 species of phytophagous mites from 3 families of Tetranychidae (Panonychus ulmi Koch., Tetranychus urticae Koch., Scizotetranychus pruni Oudms.), Bryobiidae (Bryobia redikorzevi Reck., syn: Bryobia praetiosa Koch.), Eriophyoidae (Eriophyes mali Nal.) were also found. The taxonomic structure of phytophagous insects was dominated by representatives of the orders of Lepidoptera (24 species), Coleoptera (14 species) and Homoptera (9 species), the portion of which collectively amounted to 90%. A range of Lepidoptera represented by 13 families was characterized by wide species diversity: Tortricidae, Gracillariіdae, Yponomeutidae, Lyonetiidae, Cossidae, Sesiidae, Coleophoridae, Lasiocampidae, Geometridae, Pieridae, Arctiidae, Noctuidae, Orgyidae, which accounted for 46% of the harmful entomocomplex. The most numerous (dominant) species for the period 2005-2020 were three species of aphids (Aphis pomi De G, Dysaphis devecta Walk, Dysaphis mali Ferr.), apple moth (Carpocapsa pomonella L.) and leaf rollers (Archips rosana L.). In terms of trophic specialization, polyphages dominated 75% (39 species) of apple tree agrocenoses, 10% (5 species) of oligophagous insects, 15% (8 species) -monophages. The life forms were dominated by phytophiles -dendrobiotes, the percentage of which in the total structure of insect pests was about 90%. The species composition of harmful entomofauna and ecologically constant species of phytophagous insects in apple plantations in the Central Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were specified. A promising study is to clarify the features of the biology of the most harmful phytophagous insects under the conditions of climate change and to develop environmentally safe means of protecting apple plantations from pests.

Purpose. To analyze the state of occupational traumatism, including the fatal in the economy of Ukrainian enter- prises and to identify the main reasons of injuries. Methodology. To study occupational traumatism reams of data on victims of accidents at work, is used including deadly, in terms of sectors of the economy of Ukrainian enterprises. Findings. The state of occupational traumatism in the sectors of the economy of Ukrainian enterprises in 2017–2020 is studied, the main causes of accidents are identified. It is established that in 2019 compared to 2017, the number of vic- tims of accidents decreased by 11.5 %, and the level of fatal injuries increased by 23.5 %, respectively. In connection with the pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID–19) in 2020 there was a sharp increase in the number of victims of accidents at work – 6646 people (including fatal – 393), which is 51.3 % more than in 2019 year, of which 3054 victims (including fatal – 66) from cases of acute occupational disease with a diagnosis of COVID–19. The number of accidents related to production excluding acute occupational diseases on COVID–19 decreased by 18.3 %, including fatally in- jured – by 20.2 %. The most traumatic sectors of the economy of Ukrainian enterprises are: health care, mining and quarrying. Among the main causes of accidents, the first place is occupied by organizational (62.9 %), the second – psychophysiological (19.5 %), the third – technical (11.0 %), the fourth place – other reasons (6.6 %). Originality. It is established that the indicators of occupational traumatism, including with fatal consequences, tend to decrease. There is an increase in the number of acute occupational diseases diagnosed with COVID–19 in the workplace compared to previous years. Practical value. In the context of a coronavirus pandemic, the most traumatic areas remain health care; mining and quarrying; transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities; agriculture, forestry and fisheries; whole- sale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles; metallurgical production, production of finished metal products, except machinery and equipment and construction. Сonclusions. The current state of occupational traumatism in Ukraine indicates that the level of general injuries in Ukraine tends to decrease, but fatal traumatism remains high. The sharp increase in the number of victims in 2020 due to the acute occupational disease COVID–19 had a significant impact on the state of occupational traumatism. Among the reasons that caused the occurrence of accidents at work, organizational ones predominate. References 11, tables 3, figures 3.