The aim: Improvement of early diagnostics quality and efficiency of chronic pharyngeal diseases (CPD) treatment in children with DM-1 by studying the clinical and laboratory features of the disease course and complex therapy administration. Materials and methods: A comprehensive examination of 707 children with diabetes mellitus-1, aged 3 to 18, was conducted, which determined clinical and laboratory features of their state in the presence and absence of chronic tonsillitis (CT). Results: Using microbiological and cytological examination of the palatine tonsils (PT) crypts, the leading role of microbial associations in the pathogenesis of HT in the formation of immune inflammation was determined, their influence on the local immunity indices was defined. Significant disturbances of the microcirculatory bed (MCB) in the presence of HT in children with DM-1, direct correlation between CPD and the presence of vascular glomeruli, changes in the retinal capillary structure (r = 0,332; p <0,05) according to biomicroscopy bulbar conjunctiva (BMBC) data were determined. The study of psycho-emotional state in children with CT and DM-1 was conducted, along with applied psycho-corrective program, which significantly reduces the manifestations of aggressiveness, aggression, and frustration reactions in them. Сonclusions: A non-invasive complex of the study of PT state on changes of local immunity indices, microbiocenosis and cytological data for correction of CPD course was developed, which allows to obtain faster compensation of CT and contributes to patients’ quality of life improvment.