Almost one fourth of patients with apparently sporadic pheochromocytoma may be carriers of mutations; routine analysis for mutations of RET, VHL, SDHD, and SDHB is indicated to identify pheochromocytoma-associated syndromes that would otherwise be missed.

HEOCHROMOCYTOMA AND PARAganglioma are tumors of the autonomic nervous system. Terminology in science and clinical practice is divergent. Herein, we use the term pheochromocytoma for location in the adrenal glands, extraadrenal abdominal, and thoracic locations (eg, where nearly all tumors are endocrinologically active). In contrast, the term paraganglioma is only used for tumors in the head and neck area where most tumors are nonfunctioning. All these tumors have been described as sporadic and as hereditary entities. [1][2][3] Estimated yearly incidence of

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Use validated automated electronic upper-arm cu device.Prefer a device that takes triplicate readings automatically.If validated automated devices not available, use a manual electronic auscultatory device (LCD or LED display, or digital countdown, or good quality aneroid). De late at 2-3 mmHg/sec rate. Use 1st and 5th Korotko sound for systolic and diastolic BP.Annual maintenance of device is necessary.Select cu size according to the individual's arm circumference.Automated electronic devices: select cu size according to device instructions. Each electronic device has its own cu s, which are not interchangeable with those of other devices.Manual auscultatory devices: use a cu with bladder length at 75-100% of individual's arm circumference and width 37-50%. CUFF 2-3 o ice visits at 1-4-week intervals are usually required. At initial visit measure BP in both arms. Measure standing BP in treated hypertensives when there are symptoms suggesting postural hypotension.

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