Die verschiedenen Methoden zur Berechnung des Konzentrationsverlaufs bei der Mehrstoff-Rektifikation werden vorgestellt und hinsichtlich ihres Aufwands und ihrer Genauigkeit verglichen. Die Einbeziehung der Stoffaustausch-Kinetik auf der Grundlage der GesetzmaBigkeiten der MehrstoffDiffusion bedingt einen erheblichen zusatzlichen Rechenaufwand, der jedoch zu einer verbesserten Voraussage fuhrt und daher auch in der Entwurfspraxis gerechtfertigt sein kann. Insbesondere lassen sich bei der Rektifikation von Mehrstoffgemischen auftretende Besonderheiten nur mit solchen verbesserten Modellen erklaren. Auf verbesserte Methoden der Mehrkriterien-Optimierung, die neben Wirtschaftlichkeitsauch Sicherheits-und Umweltaspekte zu berucksichtigen erlauben, wird hingewiesen. Simulation and optimization of multicomponent distillation.Different methods for simulating multicomponent distillation columns are presented and compared with respect to the effort required and the accuracy that may be obtained. Inclusion of mass transfer kinetics based on the laws of multicomponent diffusion in the models significantly increases computer time, but the additional accuracy in the prediction of concentration profiles may justify this effort also in design practice. In particular, the unusual behaviour of concentration profiles due to multidiffusion effects can only be explained by such improved models. The new methods of multicriteria optimization offer substantial advantages over a scalar-optimization and, in addition to economic criteria, also allow inclusion of aspects of operational safety and of environmental requirements.
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