As a valuable complement to its proton-based counterpart (1H MRI/NMR), fluorine-based magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy (19F MRI/NMR) provides quantitative images or spectroscopy without background interference, which has become an extensively used...

X-ray detection is widely used in medical imaging, safety inspection, scientific research, and so on, in which the Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 perovskite single crystal (SC) material has attracted increasing attentions for its excellent intrinsic properties (high X-ray absorption coefficient, low toxicity, high resistivity, etc.). However, existing methods for this SC growth enable low quality and high preparation cost, thus resulted in the defects of limit sensitivity, detectable dose rate, and large-scale application of the Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 -based device. In this work, high-quality Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 perovskite SCs were successfully grown by the novel top-seed solution (TSS) method, which contains the advantages of constant growth rate, simple system and high yield. Due to the high quality of TSS-based Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 SC, the X-ray detector exhibited high sensitivity of 4382 μC•Gy air −1 cm −2 at 20 V mm −1 bias. Under 7.93 nGy air s −1 X-ray irradiation, the signal-to-noise ratio reached 27.9. This work presents a new strategy for the low-cost growth of high-quality Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 perovskite SC.

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The novel TPAM hybrid membrane exhibited both lower vanadium permeability and higher proton conductivity than pristine SPEEK membrane.