Natural biopesticide has been prepared by lignin photodegradation for antimicrobial activity on Fusarium oxysporum and Xanthomonas sp. The photodegradation process in UV reactor was performed by FeO.TiO2 mass and lignin concentration variations. The results showed that lignin concentration on 500 ppm and 700 ppm with 0.2 g FeO.TiO2 as an optimum mass to degrade lignin were 20.63% and 27.17%. Based on antimicrobial activity test against Fusarium oxysporum showed that the lignin degradation compound in 300 ppm, 500 ppm, and 700 ppm were 11.67 mm, 13 mm, and 21 mm diameter zone. Meanwhile, the results of lignin degradation compound have a good activity test of Xanthomonas sp. for 300 ppm, 500 ppm, and 700 ppm with inhibitory zone were 17.6 mm, 18.33 mm, and 19.66 mm, respectively. These results indicated that the lignin photodegradation for 700 ppm using FeO.TiO2 has produced activity with a strong inhibitory zone against Fusarium oxysporum and Xanthomonas sp.

Decomposition of lignin compounds into monomers from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB)has been successfully carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of ilmenite as a lignin decomposerof OPEFB and to analyze the compounds produced using GC-MS method. The stages of the study consisted of preparation of ilmenite, pretreatment process of OPEFB, characterization of lignin isolates using FTIR, analysis of lignin content by UV-Vis, and photodegradation of lignin by GC-MS. Ilmenitewas known to have a potential for decomposing the lignin compound through a photodegradation reaction, in the presence of ultraviolet light. The results of this study indicated that a time of five hours decomposition could have degraded lignin up to 50%. The longer the degradation time, the more lignin was degraded to produce materials in the form of phenolic compounds, furan compounds, benzene derivatives and carbon compound derivatives from lignin monomers. One of the benzene derivatives obtained was 3,4-di (methoxycarbonyl) benzoic acid (C11H10O6).