Cacao and rose waste, generated yearly by chocolate and rose-oil industry, respectively, pose to the manufacturers' difficulties for disposal. These by-products are underused and represent also sources of valuable substances: polyphenols, polysaccharides, aroma substances, etc. The aim of the present work was to characterize cacao waste and evaluate possibility for preparation of liqueurs with substituted cacao and aromatized with rose waste. The cacao waste was investigated for total dietary fibres (63.58±0.22% DW), proteins (15.80±0.11% DW), and hexane-soluble substances (13.39±0.08% DW). The most abundant essential amino acids were lysine, phenylalanine and threonine: 1.35±0.13, 1.00±0.08 and 0.73±0.11 g.100g -1 waste, respectively. Water, 50% and 95% ethanol extracts were obtained and the highest amount of polyphenols were extracted with 50% ethanol: 5.86±0.39 mg GAE.g -1 dry weight (DW) for cacao waste and 3.33±0.39 mg QE.g -1 DW for rose waste. The antioxidant activity of 50% ethanol extracts, evaluated by DPPH and FRAP (82.82±1.72 and 31.13±0.70 mM TE.g -1 DW cacao waste, respectively; and 14.53±0.35 and 13.42±0.64 mM TE.g -1 DW rose waste, respectively) suggested that cacao and rose wastes had a potential as antioxidant supplements. The most prevalent aroma substances in cacao ethanol (50%) extract was hexanal (10.33±0.12% of TIC) and for rose extract: β-phenylethyl alcohol (17.14±0.18% of TIC). A novel possibility for valorization of cacao and rose wastes was explored and liqueurs with substituted cacao powder with cacao waste and added rose waste extracts were obtained. Sensory evaluation revealed that cacao pod husks were a promising constituent for preparation of low-alcoholic beverages.

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a socially significant health problem and it affects around a billion people on a global scale. NAFLD is the most common reason for liver damage worldwide and is considered the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is generally associated with obesity and the related comorbidities, but it can also develop in subjects with a normal body mass index (BMI). This sub-phenotype of NAFLD is called lean NAFLD. Lean subjects with NAFLD have milder features of the metabolic syndrome when compared with obese patients. Nonetheless, they have a higher prevalence of metabolic alterations (e.g., dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, and diabetes) compared with healthy controls. The diagnosis of NAFLD requires the exclusion of both secondary causes and of a daily alcohol consumption ≥30 g for men and ≥20 g for women. Clinical Case: We present the clinical case of a 29-year-old man, who was admitted to the hospital because of diagnostic evaluation of ultrasound findings of severe liver steatosis accompanied with mild hepatosplenomegaly. There was no evidence of diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease or obesity. The patient was overweight but without obesity: height -187 cm., weight -108 kg, BMI -30, waist circumference -111 cm. Laboratory examination revealed: normal blood count, normal level of CRP, AST, ALT, AF, total bilirubin, mild elevation of GGT and normal synthetic liver function tests. The lipid profile showed el-CLINICAL MEDICINE

Когато си подбира персонал, работодателят търси да назначи най-подходящия кандидат за съответното работно място, притежаващ освен нужната пригодност, мотивация, така и необходимите личностни качества. Целта на настоящото проучване е да се изследва мнението на управители на зъботехнически лаборатории, зъботехници и лекари по дентална медицина относно качествата, които трябва да притежава успешният зъботехник. За постигане на целта е проведено анонимно анкетно проучване. Обект на проучване са 250 лица от градовете Варна, Бургас и Добрич, разпределени както следва: 58 управители на зъботехнически лаборатории, 126 зъботехници (наемни работници) и 66 лекари по дентална медицина. Резултатите са обработени с SPSS v. 20. Данните са представени и интерпретирани, като са използвани графичен, вариационен и сравнителен анализ. Установихме, че няма особена разлика в мнението на трите анкетирани групи (управители, зъботехници и дентални лекари) относно качествата, които трябва да притежава всеки зъботехник. Най-важните качества, посочени от респондентите, са: професионални умения и компетенции и личностни качества като отговорност, дисциплинираност и организираност. В заключение можем да обобщим, че успешните зъботехници се открояват като квалифицирани специалисти, които притежават необходимите умения да работят във висококонкурентна среда и да отговарят на предизвикателствата на различните клинични случаи.

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