The study highlights current problems arising from the use of various surgical techniques for the treatment of spleen injuries and their consequences. Through a literature review, we aimed to determine the structure of spleen injuries and peculiarities of their diagnosis and treatment in children and identify the main indications, consequences, and selection criteria for spleen surgery techniques. A comparison of different assessment methods and surgical techniques and determination of the most optimal method that improves patients quality of life are presented. An algorithm of procedures for closed abdominal trauma in children is specified.