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Often some noise signals get interleaved with speech signals and owing to noisy surroundings the captured signal may not sound as desired. For such cases, a combination of Hilbert transform filter and Biquad filter in cascaded form might prove helpful. An arrangement in a simulink model demonstrates successful noise reduction in a voice signal recorded from a microphone. Both the filters used were of Direct Form structure, while the Hilbert filter was a Direct Form FIR, the Biquad was Direct Form II structure filter. The observations for speech signal as well as noise signals have been produced as results that show a significant noise removal.

Malware is a major threat in the evolving global cyber space. The different detection techniques that currently exist are insufficient at detecting metamorphic malware, as they can change the internal structure of their code, thus keeping the flow of the programme equivalent to the virus. Commercial antivirus software depends on signature detection algorithms to identify viruses, however, code obfuscation techniques can successfully circumvent these algorithms. The objective of this research is to analyse the various detection techniques of such metamorphic malware used over the years and to unearth the strengths, weaknesses and advance research directions possible in the field of the detection of metamorphic malware.