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Background: Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter infection has emerged as an important pathogen in neonatal sepsis in the recent years causing morbidity as well as mortality. Methods: Neonates admitted with sepsis in NICU from Jan 2014 to Dec.2014 were retrospectively analysed to find out the incidence, clinical features, antibiotic sensitivity pattern and the risk factors associated with mortality in culture positive Acinetobacter sepsis. Results: Incidence of neonatal sepsis was 11.3% (26/230).Neonatal sepsis caused by Acinetobacter spp was 5.65% (13/230). Pure growth of Acinetobacter was obtained in 13 and all of them were multidrug resistant. Resistance to Meropenem was 50%.Out of 13, six were early onset and seven were late onset sepsis. The major signs were poor perfusion (9/13), hypotension (9/13) and respiratory distress (13/13). Mortality due to Acinetobacter neonatal sepsis was 76.92% (10/13 ).The major risk factors associated with death in Acinetobacter sepsis were female sex, prematurity (<30 weeks) , birth weight less than 1500 gm and normal deliveries. Conclusion: Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter infection is fatal, particularly in premature and very low birth weight neonates.

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Background: Audit of transfusion practices in pediatric patients was performed to study indications, clinical profile and whether transfusions were in accordance to guidelines.Methods: Retrospective analysis of all episodes of transfusions from a tertiary care centre was done. The study period was from January 2018 to December 2018.Patients in the age group of 4 months to 12 years were enrolled in the study. The data was reviewed according to the British Committee for Standards in Haematology guidelines for transfusion.Results: During the study period of 12 months,168 units of hemocomponents were transfused to children, 66.07% (111/168) of the total products transfused were packed red cell units, followed by 36 units (21.42%) of fresh frozen plasma and 21 units (12.5%) platelets. Overall usage of blood components was found to be appropriate in 58.33% (98/111). Red blood cells were the most appropriately transfused (64.86 %) (72 units out of 111) blood product as compared to 42.85% of platelets (9/21) and 47.22% of FFP (17/36).Conclusions: Most frequently transfused blood components are red blood cells in pediatrics. Inappropriate transfusion of blood components is hinders the utility of this valuable resource, Thus it becomes necessary to conduct regular audit of blood component transfusion for optimum utilization.