Background: Equine piroplasmosis is a haemoprtozoan disease of equids and enzootic in Rajasthan prefecture of India. In endemic areas, the subclinical condition is more common, as infected equids recover from the disease and become latently infected. This study aimed to investigate the seroepidemiology and risk factors associated with the endemicity of Theileria equi infection in Rajasthan state. Methods: A cross-sectional study on the seroprevalence of Theileria equi, was performed. Total of 151 serum samples collected from different areas of Rajasthan. The serum samples were screened by ELISA for assessment of seroprevalence of T. equi infection.Result: Overall seroprevalence of T. equi was 49.66%. A total of 75 T. equi seropositive horses were detected and one horse was clinically positive for T. equi infection. The clinical signs observed were - fever, haemoglobinuria, mild colic, anaemia and icteric conjunctival mucous membrane. Theileria equi infection is endemic among horses in Rajasthan state and Ajmer district found the most endemic. Haematological observations in T. equi clinically infected and healthy horses were studies. A decreased haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, total erythrocytic counts were observed in T. equi infected horse in comparison to healthy horses. This observation showed anaemic condition in T. equi clinically infected equine. An increased concentration of liver enzymes – AST, ALP, GGT in T. equi infected equine was also recorded, which indicated the liver damage.

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Background: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the changes in serum biochemical parameters in colibacillosis affected diarrhoeic cattle calves below one month of age. Methods: The study was undertaken at Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India, during the period from September 2018 to March 2019. A total of 32 calves affected with colibacillosis confirmed on the basis of Multiplex PCR (for presence of K99, Stx1 and eaeA genes of E. coli) and eight clinically normal healthy calves (as control) were taken to investigate the serum biochemical profiles. Result: Analysis of serum samples of calves affected with colibacillosis revealed significant increase in the values of total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, blood urea nitogen, creatinine, potassium, total oxidant status andoxidative stress index while there is a significant decrease in the values of glucose, sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, IgG, IgM and total antioxidant status. There were no significant changes observed in the values of ALP, AST and ALT in affected calves as compared to healthy control group of calves.

Canine demodicosis caused by ectoparasitic mites of the genus Demodex is a major and common ectoparasitic disease of dogs. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Demodex infection in pet dogs. During the period under study from September 2018 to February 2019, a total of 774 dogs were presented at Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Bikaner, Rajasthan. Out of these 774 dogs, 240 (31%) dogs were having dermatological problem in which 25 dogs were positive for demodicosis (10.42%). Out of these 25 dogs, 19 were affected with generalized demodicosis (76% of demodicosis/ 7.91% of total dermatological cases) and 6 were affected with localized demodicosis (24% of demodicosis/ 2.5% of total dermatological cases). The prevalence in female dogs (68%) was higher than that in male dogs (32%). In the present study, the highest prevalence of canine demodicosis was recorded in dogs aged up to 2 years (72%) followed by 12% in 2 to 4 years and 16% in >4 years dogs. Out of 25 dogs breed-wise prevalence of canine demodicosis in the present study was found to be higher in Pug 12(48%), followed by mongrel 6(24%), Labrador 4(16%), German shepherd 2(8%), Dachshund 1(4%).

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