We developed and validated a five-item symptoms questionnaire for lactose malabsorption. This is a valid test that permits patients with a total score lower than 7 to be excluded from future studies.

No abstract

In patients with anal incontinence scheduled for biofeedback treatment, potential alterations of defecation should be first searched for and corrected, particularly in younger patients.

Subjective perception of lactose intolerance affects the decision to avoid dairy even more than objective malabsorption. However, both self-perception of lactose intolerance and objective lactose malabsorption are associated with poorer perceived quality of life.

Even in the presence of negative predictors, biofeedback is a valuable treatment option in a substantial proportion of constipated patients.