Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to present the initial results of the Camp Performance Indicator (CPI) system to illustrate the importance of self-reliance of refugee camp dwellers with regard to infrastructure and service investments. Design/methodology/approach-Data, derived from a field trip to Zaatari in autumn 2016 and thorough literature research, were taken to develop a new CPI system. The findings from the literature research were merged with available camp data to validate each other. Findings-Self-reliance is a fundamental human right and anchored in the UN sustainable development goals. Yet, presented findings reveal that even in one of the most modern refugee camps in the world-Zaatarithe level of self-reliance is rather low. However, organisations and humanitarian logisticians can influence self-reliance by identifying clearly where challenges are. Research limitations/implications-Data from a diverse range of reports were extracted. As most of these reports lack reliable and comparative quantitative data, the limitation of the study must be taken into account. So far data were only validated on one case study. To develop the tool further, more data need to be taken into account. Originality/value-To this point, there is no performance measurement tool available focusing on self-reliance of encamped refugees. In addition, no academic research has measured the interrelation between the level of investments in infrastructure and services and the improvement of the lives of camp residents, especially regarding the level of self-reliance.

This paper addresses the chances and challenges of humanitarian logistics in Sub-Saharan Africa with a special view on the application of single-board computers -such as the Raspberry Pi -in combination with sensor networking. In this connection the paper deals with the following questions: Which special circumstances in and challenges for Sub-Saharan Africa need to be considered? How can humanitarian logistics contribute to enhance the supply of people in need with food and medicines? Are Raspberry Pi or other single-board computers and their integration into sensor networks adequate solutions for humanitarian logistics and the supply of food and medicines in Sub-Saharan Africa?

The concept of "self-reliance" is widespread, but only recently there have been initiatives that not only use the term “self-reliance”, but also try to measure it – rather for refugees outside than in refugee camps, though. Thus, the “Camp Performance Indicator (CPI) system” was developed and applied to different case studies. This paper examines the level of self-reliance for camps in Jordan (Zaatari camp and Azraq camp) and Kenya (Dadaab Complex), but also for refugee settlements in Uganda (Nakivale and Bidibidi) and simultaneously tests the CPI, a tool consisting of 109 indicators. Applying the CPI revealed that the level of self-reliance is generally low in the five camps and settlements studied, backing up our initial hypothesis.

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