Abstract-Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has been shown to be an effective technique for stroke rehabilitation, but when applied to support wrist and hand movement, current controllers in clinical use are almost exclusively open-loop which degrades their accuracy and hence therapeutic potential. As one of the few model-based control approaches to be used in clinical trials for the upper limb, iterative learning control (ILC) has clear potential in this area. This paper develops a clinicallyrelevant model of the hand and wrist incorporating stimulated muscles to assist the implementation of FES based rehabilitation system and establishes the ability of ILC to provide precision motion control over repeated attempts at a task. Practical considerations are discussed relating to the application of the control algorithms developed within stroke rehabilitation.

Poor Indoor Environment Quality (IEQ) in office environments leads to worker discomfort and lost productivity. This paper provides a unique perspective into the specifically social determinants of IEQ in naturally ventilated offices and our work toward designing technology that might improve it. Based on 15 qualitative interviews we explore the rituals, practices and negotiations involved in opening windows and thermostat adjustment. We find that a wish to maintain status quo results in workers putting up with discomfort with IEQ factors well before requesting a change. In closing, we introduce our future design work aimed at drawing attention to existing office practices and encouraging a broader participation in negotiations around IEQ factors in the workplace.

ABSTRACT:Investigations on the effect of spraying trees with various calcium, phosphorus and calcium-phosphorus preparations were carried out in [1999][2000][2001]. Effects of sprays depended on the type of preparation. Foliar calcium fertilization increased Ca concentration in apples; however, the effectiveness of the used fertilizer also depended on the season. A high calcium content in apples was measured when treated with the new Polish preparation Kalcisal. This effect was observed in all years of investigations. A better calcium supply affected the appearance of apples (usually more green background peel colouring, reflected in the chlorophyll content). In storage these fruits ripened later and lost less of their firmness than apples from control trees. With the higher calcium content in fruits the share of apples with physiological disorders decreased. The lowest losses of apples related to physiological disorders were observed when trees were sprayed with the solutions of Kalcisal or Rosacal.Keywords: Šampion apple; calcium and phosphorus sprays; quality and storability 13HORT. SCI. (PRAGUE), 31, 2004 (1): [12][13][14][15][16] was applied to evaluate the significance of differences between the means, at the significance level of 5%. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONFoliar fertilization of trees significantly affected the amount of calcium detected in the apple flesh with peel. The highest value of this element was characteristic of fruits from trees that were sprayed with Kalcisal solutions. It should be stressed that in the remaining combinations of fertilization, apples were characterized by a significantly higher calcium content than the fruits from the control combination. Similarly like in the case of calcium, the phosphorus content also differed statistically. As compared to the control, a significantly higher content of this element was measured in the apples obtained from trees that were sprayed with solutions of the following preparations: Rosafos, Seniphos, Wuxal Top P and Kalcifos (Table 1).In many papers dealing with fruit storability, special attention is paid to the importance of the physiological status of apples during harvest. The present experiment revealed that all the tested preparations significantly slowed down the degree of starch hydrolysis in fruits as compared to apples from the control combination. It means that fruits from trees sprayed with calcium salt solutions can ripen later, which should be included in decisions concerning the time of apple harvest. Another indicator of the evaluation of the apple physiological status and, at the same time, one of the most important parameters of fruit quality is their firmness. In the case of this indicator, the foliar calcium and/or phosphorus fertilization appeared to limit the decrease in apple firmness significantly although differences between the Means marked with the same letter do not differ at the level of α = 0.05 Table 2. The value of starch index at harvest and firmness of Šampion apples after two months of storage depending on the pre...

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