Purpose: The paper deals with the assessment and analysis of regional innovation systems. It is noted that the quantitative criterion of innovation effectiveness as the degree of influence of resources spent on obtaining the target result is practically not used in the analysis of the development of regional economic systems. Methodology: The issues of quantitative measurement of the effectiveness, performance, and sustainability of the regional innovation system development are considered. According to the methodology proposed by the authors based on an assessment of the materiality and sustainability of statistical relationships between factor and result indicators of innovation activity, a multidimensional statistical analysis concerning the development of the Russian Federation regions by the level of innovative activity was carried out. Result: The principle of division of the space formed by innovative activity features according to their functional significance in the system is formulated. A method of identifying sustainable relationships between elements of a regional innovation system within the process approach concept has been tested. Special groups of factors that have a statistically significant effect on innovation activity are identified. Methods for calculating effectiveness and performance indexes in categories of statistical variation are proposed. The differentiation of regions by the innovative development determinants is revealed. The conclusions about the feasibility of applying the presented methodology for a reliable assessment of the effectiveness of regional innovation system development are made. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of A system approach to assessing the effectiveness of regional innovation systems in the concept of statistical sustainability is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

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