The spectrum of severe neurological complications following COVID-19 vaccination
includes cerebrovascular events, inflammatory diseases of the CNS, cranial and
peripheral nerve involvement and muscle affections. Post-vaccinal acute
disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and acute encephalitis are rare. We report
on a patient suffering from acute encephalitis and another with post-vaccinal
monophasic ADEM. Beside imaging features typical for acute autoimmune associated
inflammation, cranial MRI disclosed also transient haemorrhagic signal
alterations in some cerebral lesions. To our best knowledge, this has not been
mentioned before in literature. Competing causes were excluded by extensive
laboratory investigations including serial CSF analysis. In line with the
literature, repeated iv high-dosage corticosteroid therapy resulted in
impressive improvement of neurological symptoms in both patients.
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