Three of four patients with CD will undergo an intestinal resection; half of them will ultimately relapse. The extent of disease at diagnosis and the presence of perianal fistulas have an impact on the risk of surgery and the risk of postoperative recurrence. Women run a higher risk of postoperative recurrence than men. The frequency of surgery has decreased over time, but the postoperative relapse rate remains unchanged.

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In ileocaecal Crohn's disease the probability of resection is high and the risk of recurrence moderate. Crohn's disease in childhood carries a lower risk of primary resection. Perianal disease and extensive ileal resection increase the risk of recurrence.

No abstract