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Meta-analysis provides moderate-quality evidence that booster sessions with a physiotherapist assisted people with hip/knee osteoarthritis to better adhere to therapeutic exercise. Individual high-quality trials supported the use of motivational strategies in people with chronic low back pain and behavioural graded exercise in people with osteoarthritis to improve adherence to exercise.

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BackgroundCKD is associated with several comorbidities, cardiovascular disease being the most significant. Aerobic training has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular health in healthy and some well-defined non-healthy populations. However, the effect of aerobic training on glomerular filtration rate in patients with CKD stages 3–4 is unclear.ObjectiveTo review the effects of aerobic exercise training on kidney and cardiovascular function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–4.MethodsA random-effects meta-analysis was performed to analyse published randomized controlled trials through February 2018 on the effect of aerobic training on estimated glomerular filtration rate, blood pressure and exercise tolerance in patients with CKD stages 3–4. Web of Science, PubMed and Embase databases were searched for eligible studies.Results11 randomized controlled trials were selected including 362 participants in total. Favourable effects were observed on estimated glomerular filtration rate (+2.16 ml/min per 1.73m2; [0.18; 4.13]) and exercise tolerance (+2.39 ml/kg/min; [0.99; 3.79]) following an on average 35-week aerobic training program when compared to standard care. No difference in change in blood pressure was found.ConclusionsThere is a small beneficial effect of aerobic training on estimated glomerular filtration rate and exercise tolerance, but not on blood pressure, in patients with CKD stages 3–4. However, data are limited and pooled findings were rated as of low to moderate quality.

At 6 months after surgery, cartilage in patients with ACL reconstruction shows diminished quality and in vivo resiliency compared with controls. Caution is advised in an early return to sports especially when dealing with patients who received prompt surgery. Possibly, high impacts on this qualitatively diminished cartilage might play a role in the development of osteoarthritis in ACL reconstruction. Replication in larger samples and follow-up are warranted.