This paper describes how medical illustration has evolved to become increasingly important in undergraduate medical education, postgraduate medical education and continuing medical education, as new technologies have become available and new teaching methods have developed based on the emerging technologies. It also examines how the role of the medical illustrator has changed. The descriptor 'medical illustration' fails to reflect the changing face of the profession and it is suggested that a new title is required to convey better the evolving role of the profession.
Mymensingh municipality is highly vulnerable to earthquake as it is located in close proximity of Madhupur Fault, Dauki Fault and Plate boundary Fault-2 as per a recent finding. As a result of rapid urbanization, economic expansion, population growth, urban-rural migration has made the locality more vulnerable to earthquake. This paper aims to assess the seismic vulnernability and potential economic loss at the event of earthquake for ward 14 of Mymensingh Municipality. For the assessment of seismic hazard, 12 borehole tests and 8 microtremor array measurements have been done. Based on the data of those tests, earthquake intensity map has been prepared using Geographic Information System (GIS) for the study area. For the estimation of economic loss caused by earthquake, potential building damage and human casualty have been estimated. For the assessment of potential building damage, a building inventory of the study area for 735 buildings has been done and potential building damage has been calculated by using fragility curves. Based on the occupancy rate of the study area, possible human injury and death rate have been estimated by using Morbidity Model proposed by Coburn. Combining the building vulnerability and human casualty, the potential economic loss at the event of earthquake for the study area has been estimated.
Evacuation is the primary and most important preparedness initiative to save people from the devastating effects of a cyclone. For proper evacuation, a route is specifically chosen that will play a role during cyclones. In this study, Geographic information system has been applied for evacuation route planning for Mirzaganj Union, Patuakhali, Bangladesh. The study is based on questionnaire surveys; direct observation and literature review on the existing sheltering system and develops an evacuation route using the shortest distance analysis. This study provides us an idea how we can manage our population to find out suitable nearby shelters and the limitations that we should focused on. The result shows that only 12% of the total population gets shelter opportunity with the existing official shelter capacity by identifying evacuation route with the shortest distance and the shortest time needed. Shortest distance and time have been calculated for each cyclone shelters. If we consider the low vulnerable infrastructures as shelter, 75% of the total population can be accommodated. This study demonstrates the utilization of an ideal evacuation route planning in the coastal parts of Bangladesh.
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