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The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was recently approved for use in males. Certain groups, such as men who have sex with men (MSM), are at increased risk of HPV infection. The purpose of the study was to understand perceptions of HPV and the vaccine among adolescent and young adult males, both heterosexual and MSM. Seventy-six males (45 heterosexual, 31 MSM) completed a questionnaire and participated in a focus group. Overall, 42% had heard of HPV and 39% had heard of the HPV vaccine. Males had moderate to favorable attitudes toward vaccination, although intentions to vaccinate were more neutral. MSM were more knowledgeable, aware, and in control of the decision to vaccinate than heterosexual males. Increasing awareness and knowledge about HPV and the vaccine may be necessary to encourage vaccination; certain subgroups of males may be more receptive to HPV vaccination than others.

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