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A previous history of diabetes, especially with insulin use, CP, and family history of PDAC are all relevant risk factors for the development of IPMN. These results suggest an overlap between certain risk factors for PDAC and IPMN.

We report an increased prevalence of EPMs in Italian patients with IPMN, especially for colorectal carcinoma, renal cell and thyroid cancers. A systematic surveillance of IPMN cases for such cancer types would be advised.