grade, concomitant upper tract carcinoma in situ (CIS), and size were all analysed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done using the Kaplan-Meier Method, with the log-rank test, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model, respectively. RESULTSThe median follow-up was 71 months, during which bladder tumours were detected in 42 patients (54%). On univariate analyses, tumour stage ≥ pT2 ( P = 0.015), concomitant upper tract CIS ( P = 0.001), high-grade tumour G3 ( P = 0.027) and tumour size > 4 cm ( P = 0.011) were statistically significant predictors of intravesical recurrence. After multivariate analyses, concomitant CIS ( P = 0.005, hazard ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval 1.4-5.8) and tumour size > 4 cm ( P = 0.042; 1.9, 1-3.7) were significantly related to bladder tumour recurrence.

Surgical implantation of the new FlowSecure artificial urinary sphincter is an easy procedure in males with stress urinary incontinence. Knigth et al. reported 30 to 40 minutes operating time, 4 days mean hospital stay and unnecessary pressurisation procedure in 3 out of their 9 patients. It seems that their results are reproducible.

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