Resumo: A eficiência no crescimento inicial de árvores nativas pode ser relacionada à habilidade de adaptação de plântulas às condições luminosas do ambiente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o crescimento de mudas de castanheira do brasil, na fase de viveiro, sob diferentes níveis de sombreamento artificial. Como tratamentos testaram-se cinco ambientes: T75 = 75% de sombra; T50 = 50% de sombra; T25 = 25% de sombra; TCza = tela cinza; e TPsol = pleno sol. As avaliações de crescimento foram realizadas após 185 dias de permanência das plantas nos telados, medindo-se a altura, o diâmetro basal do caule, bem como o número, o comprimento e a largura das folhas. Avaliou-se também o teor de clorofila e o cálculo dos teores de clorofila a, b, total e carotenoides. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p < 0,05). Conclui-se que os ambientes com sombreamento médio de 25 e 50% são mais indicados para o desenvolvimento de mudas de castanheiras-do-brasil, permitindo crescimento mais vigoroso das plantas. As plantas em ambientes mais sombreados e a pleno sol apresentam maiores teores de clorofila e carotenoides como estratégia adaptativa. Palavras-chave: Bertholletia excelsa (Blonp.). Produção de mudas. Tela de sombreamento. Clorofila.Abstract: Efficiency initial growth of native tree seedlings may be related to adaptation ability to light environmental conditions. The objective of this study was to analyze the growth of the Brazil nut tree seedlings in the nursery under different levels of shading. The treatments tested were five environments: T75 = 75% shade; T50 = 50% shade; T25 = 25% shade; TCza = gray screen; and TPsol = full sun. The growth were evaluated after 185 days the plants remain in individual cages, measuring height, stem diameter, basal as well as the number, the length and width of the sheets. Also evaluated in chlorophyll content and calculate the chlorophyll content a, b, and total carotenoid. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test (p <0.05). We conclude that the environments with medium shading 25 and 50% are best suited for seedling development of the Brazil nut trees, allowing more vigorous plant growth. The plants in more shaded environments and full sun have higher levels of chlorophyll and carotenoids as an adaptive strategy.
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