RESUMOA banana (Musa sp.) é um dos frutos mais consumidos mundialmente, no entanto, requer elevada demanda hídrica para atingir o seu potencial produtivo. Para que se possa obter equilíbrio entre consumo e eficiência do uso da água, torna-se necessário a implementação do gerenciamento integrado dos recursos hídricos. Com vista nisso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi utilizar dados de evapotranspiração como parâmetro para determinar a eficiência da irrigação no cultivo de banana nos municípios de Barbalha e Missão Velha, CE, através de sensoriamento remoto. O cultivo demostrou-se estável e consolidado há mais de dois anos, apresentando normalidade na taxa evaporativa entre 75 e 100%, indicando que o nível de estresse hídrico ao qual a cultura esteve submetida foi baixo. Haja vista o manejo empregado na irrigação e a taxa de evapotranspiração obtida encontrar-se próxima de 100%, percebe-se que o cultivo da empresa Sítio Barreiras proporciona melhor eficiência no uso da água, portanto mantendo o nível de produtividade em torno de 25-30 t ha -1 .Palavras-chave: monitoramento, demanda hídrica, irrigação. EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF THE IRRIGATION WATER IN THE BANANA CULTIVE (Musa sp. L.)ABSTRACT Banana (Musa sp.) is one of the most consumed fruits worldwide, however, it requires elevated hydric demand to reach it is productive potential. For that enlace to achieve the balance between consumption and efficiency of water use, it is necessary the implementation of the management integrated of the water resources. In view of this, the aim of this work was to utilize evapotranspiration´s data as parameter to determine the efficiency of irrigation in
The cowpea bean is one of the main legumes grown in the Northeast region, with a purpose directed to the production of dried grains or green pods. However, this region suffers from climatic variations, with drought being the main abiotic stress factor. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the physiological, morphological and pod production characteristics of traditional cowpea varieties in terms of drought tolerance and rehydration in the Brazilian semiarid region. The varieties were: Pingo de Ouro 1,2 (PO), Sempre Ve r de (SV) and Feijão de Moita (FM). The experimental design used was entirely randomized, in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme (3 genotypes x 2 soil water conditions) with 5 replicates for each treatment, totaling 30 experimental units. Growth variables, carbon metabolism, and pod production were evaluated. The results suggest that the water stress negatively affected the cowpea genotypes, especially those that had negative effects on the morphological level and pod production. In these aspects, the genotype FM was the most sensitive to the severe water stress. However, Creole genotypes showed characteristics physiology similar to the standard tolerance genotype, the PO. Also, all genotypes recovered after rehydration. In terms of pod production and characteristics, the genotype PO, in general, presented better responses under stress conditions.
A cultura da bananeira (Musa spp.) é de extrema importância para a região semiárida do Brasil. No entanto, fatores edafoclimáticos, como a seca, contribuem para a redução da produtividade. Algumas técnicas de monitoramento através do sensoriamento remoto vêm auxiliando produtores no manejo da propriedade. Objetivou-se com este trabalho, estimar a Produtividade Primaria Bruta (PPB) para vegetação nativa e cultivo irrigado da bananeira, na região do Cariri Cearense, através de sensoriamento remoto. O experimento foi realizado em área localizada na região sul do estado do Ceará que contêm unidades produtoras de banana irrigada, denominadas de sítios 1, 2 e 3, e uma área de vegetação nativa da caatinga. As avaliações foram realizadas em cinco datas distintas. As imagens foram geradas pelos sensores OLI/TIRS do satélite Landsat 8, órbita 217 e ponto 65. A determinação da PPB foi realizada a partir da compilação dos modelos da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa. Verificou-se que o déficit hídrico reduziu a PPB na área de vegetação nativa, entretanto, observou-se pouca ou nenhuma redução na área irrigada. A deficiência hídrica, portanto, afetou diretamente a PPB, comprometendo a atividade fotossintética e consequentemente a produtividade da cultura.Palavras-Chave: musa spp., landsat, uso e ocupação do solo.
The objective of this work was to identify and analyze the different vegetation cover classes in the municipality of Taperoá -Paraíba for the years 1990 and 2015. The images used were acquired in the INPE (National Institute of Space Research) catalog. The image selection criterion was based mainly on the number and distribution of clouds in the study area, TM images (Thematic Mapper) Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) were selected with the release date of March 3, 1990 and May 6, 2015. The system used for the processing of georeferenced information was SPRING. It was possible to analyze that between 1990 and 2015 there was a reduction of areas covered by dense, sparse semi-dense, sparse + exposed soil and exposed soil; while areas of semi-dense and sparse vegetation showed a progressive increase. Population reports show that in 10 years the lack of rainfall intensified, causing greater exploration of activities such as extensive livestock farming and the exploration of previously abandoned areas. In the area studied, it was observed laminar erosion, with the presence of ravines, furrows and gullies; cattle and goat livestock activity; deforestation for pasture installation; variable population density in the different geographic limits, as well as the implementation of civil construction.
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