Despite centuries of control efforts, the past three decades have witnessed a dramatic spread of many mosquitoborne diseases worldwide. The acceleration of urbanization, global warming, the intensification of intercontinental trade and travel, the co-evolution and adaptation between pathogens and mosquito vectors, and the development of insecticide resistance, have greatly contributed to the mosquito borne diseases worldwide. This chapter presents the current situation regarding the expansion of mosquito-borne diseases and theirs vectors worldwide, highlighting the factors that have contributed to these dramatic expansions. Furthermore, this chapter addresses the main difficulties encountered for vector control implementation using traditional approaches.