This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Malay version Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (M-BCTQ). A cross-sectional study was used to generate the final version of M-BCTQ that was administered to 55 patients for psychometric testing. M-BCTQ had excellent test-retest reliability with ICCs value 0.837 for Symptom Severity Scale (SSS) and 0.913 for Functional Status Scale (FSS). The Cronbach alpha coefficient for the internal consistencies was reported at 0.864 for SSS and 0.893 for the FSS. A strong correlation was found with the Malay version of Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (MV-DASH) as Spearman correlation for construct validity was 0.791 for SSS and 0.831 for FSS.Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire; Reliability; ValidityeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1936

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Bullying activities are not only occurring among school students, but also among the university students and workers too. Bullying has become a major disciplinary problem now. In order to solve this problem, the government must assign certain agencies to conduct awareness programs on the bullying symptoms to help parents and communities to deal with the issue more effectively. The purpose of this study is to deliberate upon the impacts of TV Commercial advertising on bullying to people and to identify those critical impacts which lead to behavioral disorder to people. This paper will explain on how to create effective TV Commercial ads to attract the awareness of the people by using the elements and principles of TV Commercial such as characters, storyline and cinema graphics that help the audience know the moral value of the story. To reach the purpose, the research questions are focused on people’s opinion about the TV Commercial on bullying. Using this method might give the result to us about people opinion the impact of this TV Commercial ads.

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The Museum of Weapons, located in the heart of Palu, is an important learning resource for the next generation, ensuring that the values of the cultural legacy bequeathed by the warrior heroes of Tanah Kaili are not forgotten. Learning the history of the Guma weapon used by Tanah Kaili soldiers at the Weapons Museum is necessary to instill pride in the younger generation in the heroes who have battled. Not forgetting their own region's past, but yet not being blind to it. The Museum of Weapons is expected to educate the future generation about the importance of preserving the cultural heritage of Guma weapons. This article uses a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection techniques used in this research are; observation, interviews, and documents. Then the data is processed by reducing data, presenting data, and verifying data/conclusion. The findings indicate that the Guma Museum is unique in that the historical sources that have formed collections of items (artifacts) are traditional weaponry. There are 42 different kinds of traditional weapons on display. This museum, which is used as a source of studying history, has proven to be helpful in raising the historical consciousness of students in Palu City. Learning about traditional weapons in Tanah Kaili through educational travel to the Weapons Museum inspired students to be proud, responsible, and obligated to protect and preserve cultural heritage objects left by Tanah Kaili's warrior ancestors. This is what raises pupils' historical awareness in Palu City.