1For wireless applications, an OFDM-based system can be of interest because it gives greater immunity to impulse noise, multi-path fading and eliminates necessity of equalizers. High PAPR is one of the critical problems in OFDM modulation. There are large numbers of techniques for reduction of PAPR. Selections of any method depend on PAPR Reduction performance, Data Rate loss and transmit signal power increase, Increased BER at the Receiver and computational complexity. In this paper, an efficient technique is evaluated to reduce the PAPR by making combination of the Clipping with Amplification method. Clipping can be performed in two ways-one is to clip the complex envelopes of OFDM signal and the other is to clip the In-phase (I-signal) andQuadrature phase (Q-signal) independently. Above two methods are implemented with the result that clipping the complex envelope method gives significant reduction in PAPR than clipping the In-phase (Isignal) and Quadrature phase (Q-signal) separately.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is emergingtechnology and has wide range of applications, such as environment monitoring, industrial automation and numerous military applications. Hence, WSN is popular among researchers. WSN has several constraints such as restricted sensing range, communication range and limited battery capacity. These limitations bring issues such as coverage, connectivity, network lifetime and scheduling & data aggregation. There are mainly three strategies for solving coverage problems namely; force, grid and computational geometry based. PSO is a multidimensional optimization method inspired from the social behavior of birds called flocking. Basic version of PSO has the drawback of sometimes getting trapped in local optima as particles learn from each other and past solutions. This issue is solved by discrete version of PSO known as Modified Discrete Binary PSO (MDBPSO) as it uses probabilistic approach. This paper discusses performance analysis of random; grid based MDBPSO (Modified Discrete Binary Particle Swarm Optimization), Force Based VFCPSO and Combination of Grid & Force Based sensor deployment algorithms based on interval and packet size. From the results of Combination of Grid & Force Based sensor deployment algorithm, it can be concluded that its performance is best for all parameters as compared to rest of the three methods when interval and packet size is varied.

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN) is comprised of tiny, low cost multimedia devices such as video cameras and microphones. These networks can transfer scalar as well as multimedia data into real time as well as non-real time applications. However addition of such devices exposes additional challenges on both QoS assurance and energy efficiency for efficient use of resources.  This paper presents cross layer based AntSenseNet protocol to meet various QoS requirements such as throughput, jitter, lifetime and packet delivery ratio in order to improve network lifetime. Cross layer routing protocol utilizes scheduling algorithm and AntSenseNet protocol builds hierarchical structure and able to use multipath routing protocol.  Simulation results shows Cross layer based AntSenseNet protocol outperforms Ant Sense routing protocol and cross layer routing protocol in terms of throughput and packet delivery ratio

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Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN) is embedded with large number of Audio, Video and scalar sensor nodes which can able to retrieve the multimedia information from the environment. WMSN has several challenges such as life time of the network, Memory requirement, Coverage, Bandwidth and QoS metrics. Hence selection of routing algorithm is crucial in WMSN. Again interdependencies of the protocol layer cannot be neglected to improve the network performance. Clustering in WMSN is challenging task in order to increase network lifetime and to improve the communication. Hence Fuzzy clustered Ant based cross layer protocol (FCAXL) is proposed. In this paper performance analysis of ant based cross layer optimization protocol with fuzzy clustering based on number of nodes and packet size is done. Simulation results shows that Fuzzy clustered ant based cross layer optimization protocol performs best as compared to AntSenseNet routing protocol, Cross layer routing protocol and Ant based cross layer routing protocol in terms of QoS parameters such as Throughput, Packet delivery ratio and delay. Hence the life time of the network increases.