between November 2013 and March 2014. Total 2085 patients underwent an ultrasound scan (Voluson 730, GE Healthcare, Istanbul, Turkey) by one of the two physicians (C.P. or Z.D.) between days 1 and 12 of the menstrual cycle. Inclusion criteria were (1) age 20 -50, (2) regular menstrual bleeding between 21 to 35 days, and (3) optimal visualization of both ovaries. The exclusion criteria were (1) hirsutism or menstrual irregularity, (2) any hormonal drug or oral contraceptive pill use within the last 6 months, (3) history of endometrioma cystectomy or detection of current endometrioma at the time of ultrasonography, and (4) pregnancy. The fertility status was not a criterion while deciding to include or exclude. The sum of both ovaries counts produced the final AFC. The LMS method was preferred to produce the smoothed centile curves of antral follicle count by age. For each set of percentile curves, the initial smoothing methods were applied to 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th percentiles. For the comparison of AFC across the age groups, statistical analyses were performed by SPSS v21.0. Significance value was set at 0.05. Approval from institutional review board was obtained.RESULTS: Of the 2805 women that had been examined with ultrasonography during the study period, 381 were appropriate for the final evaluation according to inclusion and exclusion criterion (Table 1). The mean decrease of AFC in each year was 0.41. Among the age groups, there were no statistical significance between 20-24, 25-29 and 30-34, whereas decline in AFC was obvious after 35 years.CONCLUSIONS: The documentation of AFC nomogram might present several benefits in theory. Initially, marking the current AFC of a given woman across the nomogram might predict a woman's total fertility potential not only for assisted reproduction technologies (Polyzos, 2014) but also for the chance of natural conception and pregnancy outcome. In conclusion, comparison of our data and others suggest that AFC nomogram from different reports and countries present similarity regarding the decline by age. Those nomograms might be used to define age specific thresholds according to the clinical conditions.
Disease of the thyroid gland in the general population is well defined. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by increased thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion from the thyroid gland, whereas thyrotoxicosis refers to the clinical syndrome of excess circulating thyroid hormones, irrespective of the source. The signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism if subtle, can be missed during the preoperative period. This case report highlights the importance of vigilant monitoring to diagnose and manage cases of thyrotoxicosis in the intraoperative period.
Dexamethasone is commonly used for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). It also has significant postoperative analgesic benefits. In spite of these advantages, it is seen that intravenous (IV) dexamethasone may affect the blood glucose profile of the patient and healing of wounds. We have studied the effects of IV dexamethasone administered at induction on blood glucose concentrations in adult, nondiabetic patients under general anesthesia (GA) for superficial surgeries, e.g., ear surgeries, breast surgeries, and hernia surgeries.
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