Problem statement: Uniformly herbicide rate is used as a conventional practice in Thailand for controlling weeds in sugarcane fields. Since weeds usually grow in certain areas with nonuniformly distribution, uniform herbicide rate approach is not suitable and non-sustainable agricultural technique both in terms of economic an environmental aspect. To address these issues, Variable Herbicide Rate (VHR) was introduced. The VHR composes of two main components, which are weed monitoring and real-time spraying. Approach: This study investigated with a development of a fast and robust weed monitoring system for VHR using over between-row of sugarcane fields. The proposed method was designed to work under natural illumination condition. The near-ground images were captured using a typical web camera without any assistant light diffuser. The proposed weed monitoring is a machine vision based approach. The Non Green Subtraction (NGS) technique was proposed for soil background segmentation. Results: The proposed technique exploited variations among three triplets, which are red, green and blue under bright and dull lighting condition to achieve better background segmentation results. The non-background pixels were then classified into weeds and non-weeds using the Offset Excessive Green (OEG) technique. Conclusion: From our experimental results, the proposed method is robust under illumination variations such as in sunny and after raining day conditions. Weeds under different lighting conditions are reliably detects. The approach is less sensitive to chosen threshold value comparing to the OEG technique. The proposed method is very effective especially in spare weeds condition. It is fast, suitable for using in real-time application.

No abstract

In our experiment, we studied the searching sequence of humans, i.e. how humans solve the game tree. We created a controlled environment of maze game to simulate the situation where the player is not allowed to observe the entire map freely. We use "fog-block" to cover the intersection of a maze. Thus, the maze becomes an "imperfect information maze." We give additional information to hint on the path that the player should choose. Then we observed the change in players' behavior. We found that hints affect searches making it best fit path towards hint.

This paper is concerned with novel information dynamic models and their application. The first model is relating to certainty of game outcome, and the second one is to the uncertainty. They have been applied to Shogi and Soccer. It is found that these models are useful for visualizing the detail processes in the game, such as the quality of entertainment, game pattern, together with time dependency of the advantage and winning rate. It is suggested that FIFA Women's World Cup Germany 2011 Final is a typical balanced game in which Japan got the win against USA, but fighting spirit of Japanese players was slightly stronger than that of American players.

No abstract