Aprovechamiento de cultivos andinos camote (Ipomoea batata) y oca (Oxalis tuberosa) en el mejoramiento de la textura de una compota a base de manzana variedad Emilia (Malus communis-Reineta amarilla de Blenheim) Harvesting of andean crops camote (Ipomoea batata) and oca (Oxalis tuberosa) in the improvement of the texture of an apple-based compote variety Emilia (Malus communis-Yellow reed of Blenheim

El incremento a nivel mundial del procesamiento de frutas, debido a la mejora en las técnicas de preservación, transporte y a los sistemas de comercialización y distribución, permite ofrecer al consumidor un abanico cada vez más amplio de alimentos saludables, en creciente demanda. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los constituyentes de interés de los alimentos son sensibles a la temperatura y vulnerables a cambios químicos, físicos ymicrobiológicos. Los tratamientos convencionales aplicados en la industria suelen facilitar las pérdidas de compuestos, a la vez que consumen altos niveles de energía, tiempo y agua. Es por ello que en los últimos años un gran número de tecnologías alternativas que permiten el procesamiento a temperaturas bajas o medias surgieron como potenciales tratamientos para inactivar enzimas y microorganismos con mínimos efectos perjudiciales sobre los parámetros de calidad de los alimentos. Los estudios enfocados al procesamiento de frutas permiten obtener una amplia información sobre el comportamiento de dichas materias primas durante diferentes tratamientos, para contribuir a la elaboración de alimentos de calidad, seguros y saludables queconserven, en la medida de lo posible, los atributos nutricionales y sensoriales característicos de los productos frescos.

The diversification of agri-food products through emerging chains has a fundamental social and economic role in Ecuador. A substantial amount of research focused only on examining critical factors in terms of agronomic and environmental performance. However, there is a shift in the agri-food chain perspective and study towards more sustainable models of production, logistics trade, and consumption. Aspects such as the socio-economic sustainability, level of collaboration between actors, an adequate chain configuration, and the employment of smart governance mechanisms show the weaknesses where stakeholders can propose enhancements. In this respect, socioeconomic and productive factors are consequential and still affecting the progress of these chains. Also, the current growth of market opportunities at the local and international level is a driver to support them by setting sustainable strategies. This study aimed to analyze socio-economic and production aspects to understand the dynamic across the emerging Inca berry (Physalis peruviana) chain located in Ecuador and bring forward potential strategies. Thus, chain vertical and horizontal dimensioning was introduced to contribute with relevant insights. The framework applied accounts with a revision of primary and support activities, and flows of high and low relevance. The investigation clustered pre-production, production, and post-production tiers. Also, it executed the food chain mapping, the identification of chain actors, and application of surveys at the supply chain levels to identify strengths and weaknesses based on specific socio-economic and productive variables. Results stated several viable long-term strategies. Examples of those strategies are the diversification of marketing channels, the intervention of academic institutions to improve efficiency, productivity, and the associations' empowerment. All of them aimed at circular economic models. The main research contribution is the application of the chain configuration to assess the chain performance comprehensively. Based on the results, our recommendation is incorporating new indicators to analyze the environmental and institutional components profoundly.

The diversification of agri-food products through emerging chains has a fundamental socio-economic role in Ecuador. However, a substantial amount of research has focused solely on examining agronomic yield. Conversely, there is a shift in the agri-food chain perspective to more sustainable production and consumption models. Socio-economic sustainability, chain configuration, and governance are aspects that can be improved. In this sense, socio-economic and productive factors are consequential with the level of development and still affect chain development. This study aimed to analyze social and production aspects to understand the dynamics of the Inca berry chain. Thus, vertical and horizontal dimensioning was introduced to contribute with relevant insights. The framework applied includes a revision of primary and support activities and high and low relevance flows. The research clustered pre-production, production, and post-production levels mapping the food chain, and identifying its actors. Results show several viable long-term strategies, such as marketing channel diversification, the intervention of academic institutions, and the empowerment of associations aimed towards circular economic models. The main contribution is the application of the chain configuration to assess performance. Based on the results obtained, our recommendation is to incorporate new indicators to analyze the environmental and institutional components in-depth. Both production unit professionals and academics may find this study useful to operationalize sustainability in agri-food chains.

Aprovechamiento de cultivos andinos camote (Ipomoea batata) y oca (Oxalis tuberosa) en el mejoramiento de la textura de una compota a base de manzana variedad Emilia (Malus communis-Reineta amarilla de Blenheim) Harvesting of andean crops camote (Ipomoea batata) and oca (Oxalis tuberosa) in the improvement of the texture of an apple-based compote variety Emilia (Malus communis-Yellow reed of Blenheim