Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi antara rasio pengencer ringer laktat-putih telur dan penyimpanan selama 48 jam pada suhu 5 C terhadap motilitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoa ayam kampung. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola faktorial 6 x 5 dengan faktor R yaitu rasio pengencer ringer laktat dengan putih telur (r0=kontrol, r1=ringer laktat, r2=ringer laktat 75% + putih telur 25%, r3=ringer laktat 50% + putih telur 50%, r4=ringer laktat 25% + putih telur 75%, dan r5=putih telur) dan faktor T yaitu penyimpanan selama 48 jam pada suhu 5 C (t1=1 jam, t2=12 jam, t3=24 jam, t4=36 jam, t5=48 jam) masing-masing perlakuan diulang empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing faktor memberikan pengaruh terhadap motilitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoa ayam kampung (p<0,05). Hasil menunjukkan motilitas terbaik spermatozoa ayam kampung dihasilkan oleh perlakuan ringer laktat dengan penyimpanan selama 12 jam (82,5%). Selanjutnya, abnormalitas terbaik spermatozoa ayam kampung (8,5%) dihasilkan oleh perlakuan ringer laktat dengan penyimpanan selama satu jam. Persentase abnormalitas spermatozoa dari semua perlakuan menunjukkan kurang dari 20%. Dari hasil penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa spermatozoa ayam kampung yang diencerkan dengan ringer laktat dengan penyimpanan pada suhu 5 C dapat digunakan untuk inseminasi sampai 12 jam.Kata kunci: spermatozoa, ayam kampung, pengencer, ringer laktat, putih telur (Motility and Abnormality of Kampong Rooster Sperm Diluted with Different Kinds of Extenders and Stored at 5 C for 48 Hours)The purpose of this research was to determine the interaction effects between types of extender and storage time on sperm motility and abnormality of kampong rooster. This experiment was implemented following a 6x5 factorial design, in which the ratio between Ringer Lactat and egg albumen i.e. r0= control; r1=ringer lactat; r2=75% ringer lactate+25% egg albumen; r3=50% ringer lactate+50% egg albumen; r4=25% ringer lactate+75% egg albumen, and r5=egg albumen as the first factor and storage time which consisted of t1=1 hour; t2=12 hrs; t3=24 hrs; t4=36 hrs as the second factor. Each of the treatment was replicated four times. Results indicated that the types of extender and storage time had no significant interaction (p>0.05) on the percentage of motility and abnormality of kampong rooster sperm. However, each of the treatment had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the motility and the abnormality of kampong rooster sperm. The highest value of sperm motility (82.5 %) was obtained from a ringer lactat extender. This sperm motility value has a significant difference (p<0.05) from the 5 other types of extender. The lowest value of sperm abnormality (8.5%) was obtained from an hour of storage time. This value has a significant difference (p<0.05) than the 4 other treatments. However the percentage of abnormal sperm from all the treatments is less than 20 percent. It could be concluded that kampong rooster sperm which diluted with ringer lactate stored at 5 0C can still be utilized for Insemination not until 12 hours of stored.Keywords: sperm, kampong rooster, extender, ringer lactatee, egg albumen

Efforts to increase beef cattle population and genetic in Brebes Regency can be done by using artificial insemination (AI) technology approach.Therefore this study aims to determine the factors that influence the ability of beef cattle farmers in adopting artificial insemination technology (AI) in Brebes Regency. Survey method was applied to observe beef cattle and farmers. Sampling technique used Slovin formula with 90% significant rate to observe variables, namely the ability of farmers to adopt AI technology (Y); social factors (X1) consisting of age (X1.1), educational background (X1.2), farming experience (X1.3), herd size (X1.4); technical factors consisting of S/C (X2.1) and oestrous detection (X2.2); and economic factor is AI costs (X3). The research data obtained were analysed using descriptive analysis and correlation. The results showed that adoption of artificial insemination in beef cattle in Brebes Regency had a negative correlation with age (X1.1) (rs = -0.498), did not correlate with educational background (X1.2) (rs = 0.221), farming experience ( rs = X1.3) (rs = -0.056), and the herd size (X1.4) (rs = 0.094) as social factors; does not correlate with the value of S/C (X2.1) (rs = 0.203) and estrous detection (X2.2) (rs = 0.259) as technical factors; and negatively correlate.ed with AI cost (X3) (rs = -0,661) as an economic factor. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the adoption of artificial insemination in beef cattle in Brebes Regency is influenced by social and economic factors, especially from the age factor and AI cost factor that is less supportive.

Background:The conservation of Bali bulls, the Indonesian native breed of cattle, is crucial for cattle breeding in Indonesia. To guarantee the spread of Bali bulls through artificial insemination the quality of the frozen semen must be high. To this end, using an extender material in addition to semen increasing spermatozoa's survival during cryopreservation is important. Green tea extract (GTE) can be used as cryoprotectant because its high antioxidant activity can help avoid reactive oxygen species formation.Methods: Semen of five Bali bulls from the National Artificial Insemination Center at Singosari, Indonesia was collected routinely twice a week. First, fresh semen inspection was performed to determine the feasibility of using Bali bulls as animal samples. The extender used in this study was Tris-based egg yolk. The divided samples into four treatments: T0 (no GTE added to the extender), T1 (0.05 mg GTE plus 100 mL extender), T2 (0.10 mg GTE plus 100 mL extender), and T3 (0.15 mg GTE plus 100 mL extender). The semen freezing process was conducted according to standard procedures and sperm quality parameters, i.e., sperm motility, viability, abnormalities, and membrane integrity observed pre-freezing and postthawing.Results: There were significant differences in total motility, progressive motility, viability, and integrity membrane of Bali bull sperm at both pre-freezing and post-thawing after adding GTE into the extender. In contrast, there were no differences in abnormalities among treatments. Conclusion:Adding GTE at a 0.15 mg into 100 mL Tris-based egg yolk extender can improve the quality of cryopreserved Bali bull sperm.

Mastitis in dairy caused by microorganisms, e.g. Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, is a serious problem due to its effect in decreasing quality and quantity of milk production up to 53.5%. Mastitis precautions are generally carried out using iodine solution and has risk leaving residue both on the udder and milk produced. Natural antimicrobial compounds need to be developed to solve iodine residues. An alternative natural ingredient that can be used is the skin of garlic which is known contains allicin, that is able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. This completely randomized design research by applying Kirby-Bauer method, aimed to identify the effect and concentration of garlic skin extracts that are effective against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutants, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Research was done in 6 months in Faculty of Animal Science and Faculty of Biology Unsoed, and the datas were analyzed using ANOVA. Garlic skins were extracted using aquadest to three concentrations i.e. 5%, 10% and 15%, and were tested on to mastitis-causing microorganisms growth. The results showed the extract of garlic skins using aquadest has high potency in inhibiting the growth of mastitis-causing microorganisms. Based on the results, aqueous extract of garlic skin has inhibition activity with minimum concentration 5-10%.