Research on detecting, recognising and interpreting cardiovascular magnetic resonance images (CMRIs) has started since the 1980s. Time consuming and the need of expert evaluation are the key problems in the manual tracing efforts of CMRIs in a routine investigation. CMRIs manual tracing is also dependent on image quality, and there is no one-size-fits-all MRI setting for an optimum image result. In this paper, we present an approach using 2-Standard Division (2-SD) correlation along with the Sum of Absolute Difference technique and Otsu Watershed to automatically detect the left ventricle (LV) wall and blood pool in the effort to automatically assist the assessment of cardiac function. We test the approach using the Sunnybrook Cardiac Data, a standard benchmark dataset. The results shown that the proposed method had improved the automatic detection of the epicardium and endocardium.

In this paper, we propose Regional Energy Efficient Cluster Heads based on Maximum Energy (REECH-ME) Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) . The main purpose of this protocol is to improve the network lifetime and particularly the stability period of the network. In REECH-ME, the node with the maximum energy in a region becomes Cluster Head (CH) of that region for that particular round and the number of the cluster heads in each round remains the same. Our technique outperforms LEACH which uses probabilistic approach for the selection of CHs. We also implement the Uniform Random Distribution Model to find the packet drop to make this protocol more practical. We also calculate the confidence interval of all our results which helps us to visualize the possible deviation of our graphs from the mean value. Index Terms-Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) , Routing protocol, Cluster heads on the basis of maximum energy, Packet Drop, Confidence Interval

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In Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) nodes often change their location independently where neither fixed nor centralized infrastructure is present. Nodes communicate with each other directly or via intermediate nodes. The advantages of the MANET layout lead to self-structure and compatibility to most important functions such as traffic distribution and load balancing. Whenever the host moves rapidly in the network the topology becomes updated due to which the structure of MANET varies accordingly. In the literature, different routing protocols have been studied and compared by researchers. Still, there are queries regarding the performance of these protocols under different scenarios. MANETs are not based on a predesigned structure. In this paper, the performance assessment of the Quality of Services (QoS) for different protocols such as Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Temporally Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA) and Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) in the existence of the various number of communicating nodes is studied. The performance matrices throughput, end – to – end delay and packet delivery ratio are considered for simulations. Ns 2.35 simulator is used for carrying out these simulations. Results are compared for AODV, TORA, and ZRP routing protocols. The results show that AODV and TORA perform well in end – to – end delay as compared to zone routing protocol. Zone routing protocol performs well in packet delivery ratio and throughput as compared to both the other protocols.