In the animal feed industry, hammer mill machinery plays an important role in the smashing of raw materials. By 2017, in an animal feed industry there has been a fire on the dust collector that almost burned down the hammer mill machine. In previous years also often occur sparks arising due to the knife rubbing against the metal that carried away with raw material. However, the fire will not increase if the hammer mill machine operators are competent in extinguishing the fire. The purpose of this study is to find out how much the effects of hammer mill machine fire fighting in terms of safety scenarios that exist either from human procedures or automatic safety procedures performed by existing safety devices. In this study, using a combination of calculations between Human Error Probability (HEP) values obtained from Human Reliability Assessment (HRA) calculations using SPAR-H method and reliability calculation of hammer mill machine components obtained from downtime data for four years, 2014 until 2017. The total probability of outcome fire controlled increases from 0.177940 to 0,6393 and the total probability of outcome fire uncontrolled decreases from 0,82206 to 0,36068.

Based on the old paradigm of reconstruction of prehistoric human socio-economic life is based on technological conceptions, so that the reconstruction of the socio-cultural life of the prehistoric times is less humanistic and does not prioritize the human dimension. In reconstructing past human life including socio-economic life, in order to prioritize the human and humanist dimensions, using a new paradigm, namely is called the paradigm of the living livelihood system. In the context of this paradigm, the reconstruction of socio-economic life is divided into several stages. The stages in question are the stages of hunting and gathering food at a simple, advanced level, planting period and the bronze-iron age. Reconstruction of the socioeconomic life of mesolithic dwelling cave in Bukit Bangkai, South Kalimantan, entered the stage of advanced hunting and gathering. Reconstruction at this stage, based on the findings of the distribution of cave wall paintings, mesolithic industry and remains of foods in kitchenmidden. The newness of this research is to find the latest data on the stages of mesolithic culture in South Kalimantan mainly in the southeastern region of the Meratus Karts Mountains which have not been reported in previous studies. The findings of this study are expected to be able to complement the cultural process of a simple (paleolithik) hunting period to an advanced hunting and gathering period in South Kalimantan.

This study has investigated the effect of the circular cylinder placed at the side of advancing and plate deflector placed in front of returning blade. The CFD approach is done to solve the incompressible URANS. The numerical validation is done by comparing the experimental results using torque coefficient data for Cm=0.185 and TSR=1.078. The turbine using conventional Savonius 1 m of diameter and 1 m of height. A circular cylinder have diameter of 0.7D placed at x/D = 0.5D and y/D = 0.7D. The plate deflector is placed at 1D in front and center of turbine by varying the deflector plate on perpendicular free stream in placed in front of returning at distance variations (y/D) of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 with deflector angle of 30 degree towards the free stream direction and the Reynolds number of 4.32 x105. The study indicates that the deflector and circular cylinder can increase the turbine Performance at y/D of 0.3 in about 9.71 %.