No abstract

Abstract

Cement is powder made from lime and other materials used to make concrete, glue bricks or make walls (KBBI, 2008). Cement is a material that is hydraulic in nature, that is, a material which will undergo a hardening process in its mixing with water or acid solution. The raw materials for making cement include: clinker / slag of cement as much as 70% - 95% (the results of the combustion of limestone, silica sand, iron sand and clay), 5% gypsum and other additional materials (limestone, pozzolan, fly ash and etc). Along with the increase in infrastructure development which is the focus of the Government at this time, the need for building materials, especially cement, has increased. This increase in demand has made cement companies increase production, which in turn will also reduce the limestone reserves that exist in nature. Geological resources consist of mineral resources, energy resources, water resources, and landscapes.  Limestone  as  one  of  the  dominant  raw  materials  for  making  cement  is  a  mineral  and landscape resource that must be protected. The Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources since 2012 has issued regulations relating to the use and protection of Karst Landscape Areas (Permen ESDM No. 17 of2012). Protection of the Karst Landscape Area aims to protect its function as a natural regulator of the water system and its unique / scientific value in the development of science. Meanwhile, the delineation of utilization efforts as minerals and industrial raw materials is regulated so that it does not disturb the conservation zone. Expected with the regulations (Permen  ESDM No. 17 of 2012) can be a solution for the use and protection of the Karst Landscape in Indonesia.

As it happens on various indigenous communities or Komunitas Adat Terpencil (KAT) in Indonesia, Orang Rimba in Jambi converted to religion over the past few decades, especially into Islam as the religion of Malay majority people in Jambi. During the conversion, whether Orang Rimba knows well the Quran as authoritative sources of Islamic doctrine? Explanative qualitative research in Dusun Air Hangat and Dusun Nebang Parah indicates that the older generation of Orang Rimba only knew about the Quran symbolically as a sacred scripture of Islam. In the younger generation, the knowledge of the Quran is growing better by having lessons in reading the Quran and Islamic studies. However, this activity is still inadequate in both quantity and quality and encounters many obstacles so that it requires the support of local government institutions, especially the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Indonesia.

ABSTRAKSemen  adalah  serbuk atau tepung yang terbuat  dari kapur  dan material lainnya  yang dipakai  untuk membuat beton, merekatkan batu bata ataupun membuat tembok (Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, 2008). Semen  merupakan  suatu  bahan  yang  bersifat  hidrolis,  yaitu  bahan  yang  akan  mengalami  proses pengerasan pada pencampurannya dengan air ataupun larutan asam. Bahan baku pembuatan semen antara lain : clinker/terak semen sebanyak 70% - 95% (hasil olahan pembakaran batu kapur, pasir silika, pasir besi dan tanah liat), gypsum 5% dan material tambahan lain (batu kapur, pozzolan, abu terbang dan lain- lain). Seiiring dengan peningkatan pembangunan insfrastruktur yang menjadi fokus Pemerintah saat ini, maka kebutuhan bahan baku bangunan khususnya semen mengalami peningkatan. Peningkatan kebutuhan ini membuat perusahaan semen meningkatkan produksi yang pada akhirnya juga akan mengurangi cadangan batugamping yang ada di alam. Sumber daya geologi terdiri atas sumber daya mineral, sumber daya energi, sumber daya air, dan bentang alam. Batugamping sebagai salah satu bahan baku dominan pembuatan semen merupakan sumber daya mineral dan bentang alam yang harus dilindungi. Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Alam sejak tahun 2012 telah menerbitkan aturan terkait pemanfaatan dan perlindungan Kawasan Bentang Alam Karst (Permen ESDM N0. 17 Tahun 2012). Perlindungan terhadap Kawasan Bentang Alam Karst bertujuan untuk melindungi fungsinya sebagai pengatur alami tata air dan keunikan/nilai ilmiah dalam pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Sedangkan upaya pemanfaatan sebagai bahan galian maupun bahan baku industri diatur deliniasinya, sehingga tidak menganggu zona konservasi. Diharapkan dengan keluarnya Permen ESDM N0. 17 Tahun 2012 dapat menjadi solusi bagi pemanfaatan dan perlindungan Kawasan Bentang Alam Karst di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Sumber daya geologi, Semen, Kawasan Bentang Alam Karst  ABSTRACTCement is powder made from lime and other materials used to make concrete, glue bricks or make walls (KBBI, 2008). Cement is a material that is hydraulic in nature, that is, a material which will undergo a hardening process in its mixing with water or acid solution. The raw materials for making cement include: clinker I slag of cement as much as 70% - 95% (the results of the combustion of limestone, silica sand, iron sand and clay), 5% gypsum and other additional materials (limestone, pozzolan, fly ash and etc). Along with the increase in infrastructure development which is the focus of the Government at this time, the need for building materials, especially cement, has increased. This increase in demand has made cement companies increase production, which in turn will also reduce the limestone reserves that exist in nature. Geological resources consist of mineral resources, energy resources, water resources, and landscapes.  Limestone  as  one  of  the  dominant  raw  materials  for  making  cement  is  a  mineral  and landscape resource that must be protected.The Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources since 2012 has issued regulations relating to the use and protection of Karst Landscape Areas (Permen ESDM No. 17 of 2012). Protection of the Karst Landscape Area aims to protect its function as a natural regulator of the water system and its unique I scientific value in the development of science. Meanwhile, the delineation of utilization efforts as minerals and industrial raw materials is regulated so that it does not disturb the conservation zone. Expected with the regulations (Permen  ESDM No. 17 of 2012) can be a solution for the use and protection of the Karst Landscape in Indonesia. Keywords: Geological resources, Cement, Karst Landscape Area