The basal cell carcinoma represents a worldwide major health problem due to incidence, functional and aesthetical defects which accompanies the disease and its treatment and high recurrency risk.The various morphoclinical forms of the basal cell carcinoma may be explained due to at least three factors: genetical predisposal, the individual immunological status and the action of the risk factors. In the case in which the histological aspects do present some modifications which cannot be catalogued in the usual patterns, therefore inseriated sections of the hole tumor being imposed, in order to establish correctly the diagnosis and in the case in which microscopical criteria are partially overposable with those specific to another lesion, the immunohistochemical evaluation is imposed.The immunohistochemical studies are also used in research, thus revealing some biological aspects of the basal cell carcinoma. The study of the biological markers of the apoptosis, cellullarproliferation and the immunitary system reaction allows the understanding of the morphofunctional anomalies during the neoplastic transformation process and the early identification of the aggressive forms.